General Office of Hunan Provincial People’s Government on Printing and Distributing

Several policies and measures to support the supporting development of advanced manufacturing supply chain and

"Supporting the comprehensive recycling of non-ferrous metal resources to extend the chain and strengthen the chain"

A number of policy measures "notice

Hunan zhengban made [2021〕forty-ninenumber

HNPR—2021—01031

 

The people’s governments of cities, counties and cities, the provincial government departments and commissions, and the directly affiliated institutions:

"Several policies and measures to support the supporting development of advanced manufacturing supply chain" and "Several policies and measures to support the comprehensive recycling of non-ferrous metal resources to extend the chain and strengthen the chain" have been agreed by the provincial people’s government and are hereby printed and distributed to you, please implement them carefully.

 

General Office of Hunan Provincial People’s Government

2021yeareightmoontwentysun

 

Supporting the supporting development of advanced manufacturing supply chain

If   Dry   Politics   Policy   Measures   execute

 

For strengthimplement“Three highs and four new ones"Strategy, stabilityFocus on the industrial chain of advanced manufacturing supply chain, give play to the leading role of leading enterprises, promote the supporting development of advanced manufacturing supply chain, and make every effort to build an important national advanced manufacturing highland. The following policies and measures are formulated.

I. Basic objectives

Combine meprovince“China’s 14th five-year plan"hairExhibition planning, the province’s vehicle (host, main network) leading enterprises (hereinafter referred to ascorporate champion)Key industries such as construction machinery, automobile manufacturing, power equipment, rail transit, aerospace, etc. (hereinafter referred to asKey industriesImplement the five-year action plan for supporting the development of supply chain, support leading enterprises to strengthen their leading role in supporting the development of supply chain, strengthen efforts to cultivate and attract key supporting product manufacturers, extend the industrial chain, enhance the degree of agglomeration, and realize the coordinated development of key industries.

Second, the policy measures

(a) support leading enterprises to attract supporting enterprises.Establish a linkage mechanism between government support and investment promotion of leading enterprises in the industrial chain, and actively guide leading enterprises to attract upstream and downstream enterprises at home and abroad to invest and set up factories in our province through order allocation, procurement demand and investment joint venture. Divide the newly introduced supporting enterprises of leading enterprises into parts at the provincial level in the first year of production.10%The people’s government of the city, state or county where the enterprise is located shall be rewarded, which is mainly used to support the technological transformation, R&D and innovation of leading enterprises and the incentives for personnel who have made outstanding contributions to the enterprise, with the maximum not exceeding.1000Ten thousand yuan; Since the establishment of supporting enterprises introduced by leading enterprises.threeActual investment in fixed assets completed during the year.2More than 100 million yuan, increase the intensity of awards. Leading enterprises that have enjoyed the support of government financial awards and land concessions should actively attract supporting enterprises and strive for3—5During the year, the tax contribution of newly attracted enterprises was balanced with the new preferential policies enjoyed by leading enterprises.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Commerce, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Taxation Bureau, State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities, and administrative committees of industrial parks above the provincial level)

(two) to promote the construction of key projects to supplement and extend the chain.More than the actual funds in place2One hundred million yuan of key industry chain extension project, according to the actual funds in place in the year.1%Give a reward, not exceeding the maximum.1000Ten thousand yuan. Yes, China.500Strong and private500Strong, domestic industry before10Strong leading enterprises in our province, the newly established actual funds in place exceed10One hundred million yuan of key industries to supplement the chain and extend the chain.Eye, press“One thing, one discussion"Give support in a way. Specializing in key chain-supplementing and chain-extending projects and key industries.“Little giant"complementEnterprises and relevant government industrial investment funds give support.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Commerce, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Finance, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities, and industrial park management committees at or above the provincial level)

(three) to encourage the procurement of key supporting products in the list of chain replenishment.Combined with the actual development of key industries and the needs of leading enterprises, the list of key supporting products of advanced manufacturing industry is formulated (hereinafter abbreviatedsay/callSupplementary chain list). Establish a linkage mechanism between financial support and key supporting products in the list of supplementary chains purchased by leading enterprises, and guide leading enterprises to purchase supporting products in the list of supplementary chains; Those who have made outstanding contributions to the procurement of supporting products and supporting the development of supporting industries in the list of supplementary chains shall be rewarded in a certain proportion according to the procurement scale and growth of enterprises, and the maximum annual reward for a single enterprise shall not exceed.500Ten thousand yuan. If the key spare parts supporting production enterprises that focus on cultivation have achieved remarkable results in upgrading their files and supporting leading enterprises to make up and extend their chains, they will be given a fixed reward according to their contributions.(Responsible unit: Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology,Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Department of Commerce, State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(four) to guide the development of key supporting industrial parks.Focusing on the needs of supporting the development of key industries and the actual development of local industries, according to the principle of adapting to local conditions, supporting nearby facilities and complementing resources, the provincial level will make overall plans for the development of supporting industrial parks for advanced manufacturing industries, and guide the cultivation and development of centralized resources in qualified cities and States.1—2A characteristic supporting industrial park, as the core supporting base of key industries, enjoys relevant support policies according to Hunan Construction Machinery Supporting Industrial Park. The provincial value-added tax and enterprise income tax shall be increased in the current year on the county directly under the jurisdiction of the city, state and finance.50%On the basis of giving rewards to the relevant cities, prefectures and counties directly under the jurisdiction of finance, the provincial finance will increase the awards and subsidies to the above-mentioned supporting industrial parks that conform to the province’s planning and layout and have been built to realize tax storage, and give key support to the arrangement of special funds and the declaration of special bond projects. The awards and subsidies will be used for the construction and development of supporting industrial parks.(Responsible units: Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Transportation, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Taxation Bureau, Provincial Postal Administration, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities, and administrative committees of industrial parks above the provincial level)

(five) to promote the research and development of key supporting products.Based on the supporting needs of key industries, the list of key supporting products of advanced manufacturing industry is formulated (hereinafter abbreviatedsay/callList of key problems)Focus on breaking through the bottleneck problem that restricts industrial development. Improve enterprise researchSubsidy policy after investment, according to the enterprise development potential, market prospects, upstream and downstream“adsorption capacity"Equal causeElement, the research list of product research and development enterprises to increase incentives. Promote standardization construction, and give to leading enterprises that lead the formulation of groundbreaking international standards and national standards, respectively50Ten thousand yuan to100Ten thousand yuan,twentyTen thousand yuan to50Ten thousand yuan reward.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Provincial Local Financial Supervision Bureau, Hunan Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(6) Increase policy support such as government procurement.Focusing on the development of key industries,formulate“Two types"(green) product standards, improve and expand.“Two types"(green) miningPurchase catalogue. Incorporate qualified construction machinery, cars, buses, special vehicles, rail vehicles, power equipment, general aviation and other products into Hunan Province.“Two types"Product government procurement catalogue, enjoy priority procurement measures such as reserved share and preferential evaluation, and improve the award rate of government procurement contracts. Having independent intellectual property rights and core competitiveness in the production of leading enterprises, and having a high rate of supporting products in the list of purchasing supplementary chains.“Two types"Equipment products shall be included in the catalogue of first purchase products in Hunan Province according to regulations, and the first purchase policy shall be implemented. If there is only one kind of similar products in the first purchase catalogue, the government procurement contract will be awarded directly to the first purchase product. The government procurement policy shall be implemented in the fields of bidding for government-invested construction projects and procurement of state-owned enterprises according to the above two catalogues, and the implementation shall be regarded as an important basis for enjoying government support policies.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Department of Transportation, State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(7) Strengthen financial and fiscal coordination.Set up a provincial-level special sub-fund for the development of advanced manufacturing industry, focusing on supporting production enterprises of key parts of advanced manufacturing industry and key projects of chain repair and extension. Guide insurance institutions to develop exclusive insurance products to support the research and development and production of products in the list of supplementary chains, and press the provincial finance.3%The upper limit of insurance premium rate and the actual premium50%Give premium subsidies to the insured enterprises, and the subsidies for individual products shall not exceed100Ten thousand yuan. If the central government has already subsidized, it will not be repeated. expandbig“Xiaoxiang Cai yin Dai"Policy realityScope of application, optimize the financial risk compensation mechanism, and guide cooperative banks to give priority to providing mortgage-free and low-interest credit loans to supporting enterprises in advanced manufacturing industries. Encourage government financing guarantee institutions to provide guarantee and credit enhancement support for advanced manufacturing supporting products manufacturers.(Responsible units: Provincial Local Financial Supervision Bureau, Changsha Central Sub-branch of the People’s Bank of China, Hunan Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(eight) to strengthen the protection of land elements.Strengthen the total management of urban and rural construction land, scientific allocation, comprehensive conservation and efficient utilization, vigorously revitalize the existing land resources, and implement land inclination for leading enterprises in key industries and key supporting enterprises. The rational land demand for major projects in supporting industries shall be guaranteed by the provincial level, and the new construction land plan indicators shall be adopted.“Point supply"All insurance should be guaranteed. Establish and improve the standard system of intensive land use, include the landing of major projects supporting advanced manufacturing industries in the evaluation scope of intensive land use, monitor and evaluate indicators such as land intensity, utilization structure, input and output, and per mu tax, and reward the parks with high level of intensive land use.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Natural Resources, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(9) Optimize the business environment.We will further implement the policy of reducing taxes and fees, standardize the charges for water, electricity and other services, and reduce the burden on enterprises supporting advanced manufacturing industries. Push deeplyenter“reforms to streamline administration, delegate powers, and improve regulation and services"Reform and accelerate implementation.“Six ones"Engineering, exploration and development“One photo multiple access"Reform,Streamline the administrative examination and approval process and the procedures for preferential policies, and promote the orderly flow of high-quality elements such as talents, capital and innovation in key industries and the efficient allocation of resources. Accelerate the innovation of regulatory system and create a fair, transparent and predictable business environment.(Responsible units: Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Taxation Bureau, Provincial Government Affairs Bureau, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

Third, organizational guarantee

(1) Strengthen organizational leadership.Led by the leading group for the construction of a strong manufacturing province in Hunan, we will make overall plans to guide the development of advanced manufacturing industries to supplement and extend chains and supporting industries, and promote the coordinated development of advanced manufacturing industries. The office of the leading group is responsible for making overall plans, dynamically updating and releasing the list of supplementary chains and tackling key problems, organizing and coordinating relevant departments to study and formulate supporting policies and measures, regularly scheduling the implementation of policies and measures, and doing other work deployed by the leading group.

(2) Improve the working mechanism.At the provincial level, a special joint working group is set up by the departments of commerce, industry and information technology, development and reform, science and technology, finance, etc., under the unified leadership of the leading group for the construction of a strong manufacturing province in Hunan, to study and formulate the list of supporting enterprises that are mainly cultivated and attracted.supply“One thing, one discussion, one enterprise, one policy"accurateService, collaborative efforts to fill the shortcomings of key industries. Cities and States should set up special working groups accordingly, formulate supporting programs, accurately introduce supporting enterprises from outside the province, and vigorously support the development of supporting enterprises. Encourage the development of enclave economic model and support cities and counties to strengthen the co-construction of supporting industries.

(3) Strengthen the implementation of responsibilities.The policy lead units shall, jointly with the relevant departments, formulate specific implementation rules item by item. It is necessary to promote tax collection and management according to law, improve the fiscal and taxation management system and maintain fair order. It is necessary to strictly declare procedures, strengthen audit and evaluation, and avoid repeated enjoyment by bulls. The relevant award and compensation funds correspond to special funds such as manufacturing a strong province, the development of open economy and circulation industry, the construction of innovative provinces, financial development, and infrastructure construction within the budget, and the overall arrangement of budget increase. It is necessary to strengthen the linkage between finance and audit. For newly introduced policies and newly added projects, the lead department should conduct pre-performance evaluation according to regulations, strengthen fund supervision and performance management, and improve the performance of fund use.

This policy is not repeated with other fiscal policies. If the same enterprise or the same project conforms to multiple awards and compensation policies, it will be rewarded according to the highest amount of awards and compensation, and the awards and compensation will not be calculated repeatedly. The above policies shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation and shall be valid.fiveYears.

 

Support the comprehensive recycling industry of non-ferrous metal resources

Some policy measures to extend the chain and strengthen the chain

 

In order to vigorously implement“Three highs and four new ones"warSlightly, to enhance the comprehensive recycling capacity of non-ferrous metal resources in our province (including scrap steel, the same below), to ensure the strategic security of national non-ferrous metal resources, to support the comprehensive recycling industry of non-ferrous metal resources to extend the chain and strengthen the chain, and to promote the high-quality development of the industry, the following policies and measures are formulated.

I. Basic objectives

Combined with Hunanprovince“China’s 14th five-year plan"developPlanning and the development status of comprehensive recycling industry of nonferrous metal resources, focusing on the deep processing industry chain of four kinds of recycled metals: recycled copper, aluminum, steel, tungsten and cobalt and rare and precious metals (hereinafter abbreviatedsay/callFour industrial chains), vigorously guide the comprehensive cycle of nonferrous metal resources.The recycling industry takes the route of intensive processing, promotes the development of high-end alloy industry of nonferrous metals, improves the added value and competitiveness of products, and promotes the cluster, high-end and green development of comprehensive recycling industry of nonferrous metals resources in our province. Strive to achieve2025In, the annual output of comprehensive recycling industry of nonferrous metal resources in the province broke through.2000Ten thousand tons, the annual output value reached.2000One hundred million yuan, the annual tax revenue reached.100Billion yuan, tax paymentfiveLeading enterprises in industries above 100 million yuan have achieved3—5Home.

Second, the policy measures

(1) Increase the incentives for industrial chain extension and strengthening.Focus on supporting enterprises related to the four industrial chains to carry out intensive processing and extend the industrial chain, and give inclined support to qualified enterprises in project declaration, government procurement, land use and electricity security, etc. Encourage cities, prefectures, counties and urban areas to attract leading enterprises in intensive processing around the four industrial chains, and give provincial-level grants to leading enterprises with strong industrial drive, great economic contribution and outstanding role in chain extension and strong chain.with“One thing, one discussion"branchHold. Improve the incentive mechanism of industrial tax contribution, and plan the increment of provincial-level value-added tax and enterprise income tax in the year when the cities, prefectures and counties are directly under the jurisdiction of finance.50%On the basis of rewarding relevant cities, prefectures and counties directly under the jurisdiction of the finance department, the provincial finance will increase the reward and compensation for key cities and counties with strong policy implementation, good industrial development and rapid tax growth in non-ferrous metal resources comprehensive recycling industry, with a maximum of no more than.1000The reward of 10,000 yuan is used to support the comprehensive recycling of local nonferrous metal resources to extend the chain and strengthen the chain.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Department of Natural Resources, Provincial Department of Commerce, Provincial Taxation Bureau, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(two) to promote the construction of comprehensive recycling demonstration base.Do a good job in the industrial planning and layout of the whole province to improve the efficiency of resource utilizationRate as the core, support the creation of national bulk solid waste (workIndustrial solid waste resources) comprehensive recycling demonstration base, cultivate and create a number of provincial industrial solid waste resources comprehensive recycling demonstration bases, demonstration enterprises and demonstration projects, and mobilize the enthusiasm of enterprises to carry out comprehensive recycling of resources and develop green industries. Encourage demonstration enterprises to set up standardized and orderly recycling of waste resources in cities, counties and urban areas of the province, and support the construction of non-ferrous metal renewable resources logistics parks and trading centers. For the newly awarded national demonstration base for comprehensive recycling of bulk solid waste (industrial solid waste resources), the provincial finance will give it200Ten thousand yuan to500Ten thousand yuan reward; The provincial finance shall give the demonstration bases and projects for the comprehensive recycling of industrial solid waste resources at the provincial level.100Ten thousand yuan to200Ten thousand yuan,50Ten thousand yuan to100Ten thousand yuan reward. The incentive funds are solved from the special funds for manufacturing strong provinces and used to support the construction of demonstration bases and the development of enterprises in the four industrial chains.(Responsible unit: Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Development and Reform)Commission of leather, Provincial Department of Finance, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(3) Strengthen financial policy guidance and support.Regularly update and publish the list of energy-saving and environmental protection enterprises in the comprehensive recycling industry of non-ferrous metal resources, support relevant leading enterprises to be included in the list of core enterprises in the province’s industrial chain supply chain finance, encourage banking institutions to strengthen cooperation with insurance institutions, financing guarantee institutions and third-party supply chain platform companies, innovate and diversify financial service models, and use them.“Xiaoxiang Cai yin Dai"Supply chain financial products increase credit support for core enterprises in the industrial chain of comprehensive recycling of non-ferrous metal resources and upstream and downstream small and medium-sized enterprises. Coordinate for direct investment from the National Green Development Fund or set up a green development sub-fund in Hunan, focusing on green and low-carbon industrial enterprises such as comprehensive recycling of non-ferrous metal resources. Increase the support of Hunan Emerging Industry Fund to the non-ferrous metal field in the province, and focus on deep processing enterprises in four industrial chains that meet the industry norms, meet the standards of environmental protection and safety production, and have market prospects and operational benefits. Encourage market-oriented industry (equity) investment funds to invest in the comprehensive recycling industry of non-ferrous metal resources. For fund companies that have achieved remarkable results in supporting industrial development, the provincial finance will give a certain proportion of awards according to the investment amount, with the maximum not exceeding.500Ten thousand yuan.(Responsible units: Changsha Central Sub-branch of the People’s Bank of China, Provincial Local Financial Supervision Bureau, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, Provincial Department of Finance, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(four) improve the comprehensive recycling of resources and environmental protection policies.Scientifically determine the categories of hazardous waste transfer and utilization in other provinces that meet the standards, and encourage deep processing enterprises in four industrial chains with great economic contribution, advanced technology and high resource utilization rate in the province to build large-scale hazardous waste utilization facilities by diversified investment and marketization. According to the enterprise’s environmental credit record and the controllable degree of environmental risks, etc.“white list"Ways to simplify the approval process of trans-provincial transfer of hazardous wastes. accelerate“separating operating permits and business licenses"correctLeather, support deep processing enterprises in the four industrial chains in a timely manner.Obtain resources and comprehensively recycle raw materials.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(5) Straighten out the industry management system and mechanism.Deepen the reform of management system of nonferrous metals industry, further straighten out the governance structure of Hunan Nonferrous Metals Holding Group Co., Ltd., evaluate the implementation of strategic cooperation between our province and China Minmetals Group Co., Ltd., urge China Minmetals Group Co., Ltd. to honor its commitments such as investment as agreed in the agreement, strengthen the overall integration and leading promotion of nonferrous metal resources development and comprehensive recycling in our province, and promote Hunan Nonferrous Metals Industry to become bigger and stronger, and enhance the high-end level of industrial chain.(Responsible units: Provincial State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(6) Optimize the business environment.Advance in depth“reforms to streamline administration, delegate powers, and improve regulation and services"Reform, implement preferential policies for comprehensive utilization of refined resources, energy conservation and environmental protection, strengthen policy interpretation and publicity and guidance, and reduce the burden on enterprises. Strengthen the macro-management of the government, give play to the role of relevant functional departments and industry associations, rectify vicious competition in the comprehensive recycling industry of non-ferrous metal resources according to law, and make invoices linked to other provinces, and severely crack down on non-invoicing in purchase and sale.(“Naked in and naked out.") and other tax evasion.Behavior, optimize the tax business environment. Further strengthen invoice management, guide enterprises to issue invoices in the province according to law, improve compliance with corporate tax laws, and prevent tax loss. Strengthen the self-discipline of nonferrous metals industry, guide enterprises to standardize their operations, compete fairly, and maintain a good market order.(Responsible units: Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Taxation Bureau, Provincial Government Affairs Bureau, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

Third, organizational guarantee

(1) Strengthen organizational leadership.Press at the provincial levelshine“A government leader, a lead department, a set of work programs."Work mode, build a working pattern in which provincial government leaders contact the industrial chain of comprehensive recycling of non-ferrous metal resources, industry and information departments take the lead, and development and reform, natural resources, ecological environment, commerce, local financial supervision, taxation and other relevant departments participate together. City, state, county and city people’s governments should refer to the practice in the province and strengthen organizational leadership accordingly.

(2) Improve the working mechanism.At the provincial level, a special departmental joint working group was set up around the four industrial chains, and relevant departments worked together to study, formulate and implement supporting policies and measures to promote industrial clustering, high-end and green development. The people’s governments of cities, prefectures, counties and cities set up special working classes, formulate supporting plans according to local conditions, accurately attract leading enterprises outside the province, and vigorously support the development of advantageous enterprises. Strengthen the three-level linkage between provinces, cities and counties to form a joint effort.

(3) Strengthen the implementation of responsibilities.All policy responsibility units should formulate specific implementation plans item by item. Promote tax collection and management according to law, improve the fiscal and taxation management system, and maintain fair order. It is necessary to strengthen the linkage between finance and audit, strengthen fund supervision and performance evaluation, and improve the performance of fund use.

This policy is not repeated with other fiscal policies. If the same enterprise or the same project conforms to multiple awards and compensation policies, it will be rewarded according to the highest amount of awards and compensation, and the awards and compensation will not be calculated repeatedly. The above policies shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation and shall be valid.fiveYears.

It can be said that Alphabet (Google’s parent company), Meta and Microsoft, the three giants of American AI, have handed over their own stage test scores, but unlike the impression formed by the outside world in the previous paragraph, Google, which has been constantly sung, has seen its share price soar after the financial report, while Meta, which won a heart by Llama 3, has evaporated by 1.6 trillion overnight.

Only Microsoft continued to exceed expectations, watching the other two unreliable rivals smile and get back the top spot in the world market value.

Google, the big brother who is often upstaged by his peers on various occasions, is finally proud this time.

Not only did Q1′ s revenue, advertising and cloud business all increase at a faster speed, but it also crushed all the indicators, with an increase of over 15% after the close, and announced the dividend distribution and $70 billion stock repurchase plan for the first time.After the financial report was published, Google’s market value soared by 300 billion US dollars, making it the fourth largest listed company in the world after Microsoft, Apple and NVIDIA.

In this quarter, the total revenue of Google’s parent company Alphabet was 80.54 billion US dollars, much higher than the market expectation of 79.04 billion US dollars, up 15% year-on-year, the fastest growth rate in two years. Net profit jumped 57% year-on-year to $23.7 billion, and diluted earnings per share was $1.89, up 61.5% from $1.17 in the same period last year.

Despite betting on the big language model Gemini training and infrastructure investment, the AI capital expenditure of $12 billion this season exceeded expectations by $1.7 billion. Closely related to AI, the growth of cloud business, which is regarded as Google’s next growth engine, is still accelerating rapidly. Revenue in the first quarter increased by 28.4% year-on-year to $9.6 billion, which was higher than the analyst’s expectation of $9.37 billion, and doubled the overall revenue growth rate for several consecutive quarters. Although it ranks third in the market share of cloud computing, it is still trying to catch up with Amazon and Microsoft, but it is finally on the right track of turning losses into wins.

"In the past eight months, we have released more than 1,000 new products and functions in the field of cloud computing. At the Google Cloud Next conference, more than 300 customers and partners talked about their success in artificial intelligence on Google Cloud, including global brands such as Bayer, Mercedes-Benz and Wal-Mart. " Google CEO Sandel Pichai said at the earnings conference.

And the credit still has to be given to AI. Like Microsoft, more and more enterprises seek to deploy AI load on public cloud, and Google Cloud also provides customers with various generative artificial intelligence services through the Gemini model. Recently, a new CPU「Axion "based on Arm architecture was launched, aiming at improving the efficiency of cloud computing and reducing operating costs, and further strengthening Google’s competitiveness in the cloud market. Polat, CFO, stressed that "artificial intelligence is making an increasing contribution" to the sales of Google’s cloud division.

Pichai also believes that the transformation of artificial intelligence is a "golden opportunity", and the company is racing against time to integrate this technology into the whole business.At the Google Cloud Conference earlier this month, everything revolved around generative AI, further opened and optimized Gemini 1.5 Pro, and officially launched its own most powerful and expandable AI accelerator TPU v5p P.

In addition, the core advertising industry has also achieved steady improvement this quarter. Total revenue was $61.6 billion, a year-on-year increase of 13%. Among them, Google search and other advertising revenue was 46.2 billion US dollars, and YouTube advertising revenue was 8.1 billion US dollars, both of which achieved double-digit growth.

However, for Google, which is still positioned as a "search giant" in the market, the boost of generative AI may be a double-edged sword: on the one hand, Google is exploring new income channels such as advertising placement, independent subscription service and enterprise authorization through AI tools such as Gemini to adapt to market changes and needs. On the other hand, improving the generative search experience may affect the original advertising profitability. At the same time, the rookie of AI search engine represented by Perplexity also faces potential challenges.

In fact, compared with Microsoft and Meta, Google has not had an easy time these months. First, Gemini’s image generation function was forced to withdraw from the market because of racial discrimination, which once triggered a controversy about whether Pichai was qualified as CEO of Google. After paying a large amount of severance pay for layoffs, this week, 50 employees protesting against the company’s signing of a cloud computing contract with Israel were fired, causing internal riots.

In the midst of disputes and challenges, this beautiful financial report comes at the right time. Not only has it greatly boosted market confidence, but it also shows that Google has found the right direction in the AI ? ? era. With the recent reorganization of the artificial intelligence department and more attention to product speed, Google’s performance in the second half of the year is still expected.

After experiencing the "efficiency year" of business focus adjustment, department reorganization, artificial intelligence and layoffs and cost reduction, Meta made a beautiful turnaround with a revenue of 40.1 billion US dollars in the last quarter. The share price has soared by 140% in the past 12 months, far exceeding Google’s 50% and Microsoft’s 35%.

In this 2024 Q1, the social media giant, which just released a new generation of open source model Llama3, continued to reap the most brilliant first-quarter performance in history, with revenue and profit higher than Wall Street’s expectations.

The data shows that Meta’s total revenue in the quarter was US$ 36.46 billion, a year-on-year increase of 27%, the fastest growth rate in three years. Net profit increased by 117% year-on-year to US$ 12.37 billion, and diluted earnings per share was US$ 4.71, more than double that of US$ 2.2 in the same period last year.

Among them, advertising business is still the core income source of Meta, and the results are gratifying. It increased by 27% year-on-year to $35.64 billion, accounting for nearly 98% of the total revenue. The daily users of FoA increased by 7% year-on-year to 3.24 billion, and the advertising exposure also increased by 20%.

This is mainly due to the application of artificial intelligence technology, which significantly improves the accuracy of targeted advertising. According to Meta, at present, more than half of their advertising recommendations are driven by AI.

After falling to the bottom in 2022, Meta tried to regain the market share of digital advertising. Zuckerberg then launched an initiative to reorganize the advertising business, with the focus on using AI. Susan Li, CFO, once said that the company has been investing in AI models that can accurately predict user-related advertisements and tools that automate the advertising creation process.

In terms of software, Meta recently presented the "GPT-4 level" open source AI model king Llama 3, defeated Gemini 1.5 and Claude 3 in a number of benchmark tests, and upgraded the potential training parameters to 400B b. Widely used in different platforms and scenarios, and vowed to wash off LLM companies and API suppliers with free commercial blood. At the same time, Meta AI is integrated into family applications such as Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp and Ray-Ban smart glasses to provide users with more flexible and diverse assistant functions.

In terms of hardware, like every colleague who doesn’t want to be stuck, Meta not only stepped up the storage of NVIDIA chips, but also released the latest version of Training and Inference Accelerator (MTIA). Using TSMC’s 5nm process, focusing on strengthening AI reasoning, it is specially designed for the ranking and recommendation system of its social software, and its performance is three times higher than that of the previous generation. They also developed a large rack-mounted system that can accommodate up to 72 accelerators to support self-developed chips. Now they have been deployed in the data center of Meta to complement the commercial GPU.

With the cooperation of AI software and hardware, overseas retailers from China, such as Temu and Shein, also added a fire to Meta’s performance with huge investment in Facebook and Instagram advertisements. And with the approaching of the US presidential election in 2024, political advertising has surged. According to the latest forecast of AdImpact, this year will be the most expensive election cycle in American history, and the advertising expenditure is expected to reach 10.2 billion dollars.

At the same time, due to the annual efficiency adjustment plan, Meta laid off nearly 10% of its employees, and the total number of employees was 69,329 as of March 31, 2024.

In stark contrast to streamlined operations, Xiaozha’s more drastic artificial intelligence layout. In the face of the growing AI war in Silicon Valley, Meta raised its capital expenditure from the expected $30 billion to $37 billion to $35 billion to $40 billion in 2024 to "accelerate infrastructure construction to support the company’s AI roadmap" and continue to compete for top AI talents with high salaries to join the company’s technology research and development.

In addition, he seems to have a "obsession" with the meta-universe, saying that he will continue to invest in long-term goals and "build a virtual world full of incarnations." It should be noted that although the revenue of Reality Labs, which is responsible for VR/AR/MR and Metauniverse development, increased year-on-year, it still lost $3.8 billion, and the total loss has exceeded $45 billion since the end of 2020.

Various unstable factors, together with expanding AI expenditure and a lower-than-expected revenue outlook for the second quarter, have caused the market to worry about Meta’s future sustainable profitability. Despite handing over a super-bright performance answer sheet, Meta’s share price still fell.

And this does not seem to shake Zuckerberg’s determination to push AI. Just as the stock price is diving, the financial report phone will be opened as scheduled.

He firmly told investors that he would spare no expense to build Meta into "the world’s leading artificial intelligence company". It also revealed that Meta is actively exploring a variety of AI revenue-generating strategies, including providing enterprise-level services, introducing advertisements into AI interactions, and allowing people to pay for larger AI models and more access to computing resources. AI has also helped Meta to increase application participation, thus allowing more advertisements to be seen and directly improving advertisements to bring more value.

However, Xiaozha also bluntly said, "Building a leading AI will be a more arduous task than optimizing the application experience, and it may take several years."The implication is that although the long-term value of taking AI is full, don’t expect it to make big money immediately. The words directly scared the market to collapse. Meta’s share price plummeted by 18% after hours, and its market value shrank by nearly $200 billion.

This unexpected trend just reflects the current general attitude of Wall Street towards artificial intelligence: compared with a lot of AI investment, the market wants to see the balance between expenditure and growth, and looks forward to a clearer monetization signal.

However, for Meta, fully embracing AI technology and then applying it to social networks, advertising, metauniverse, wearable devices and other fields, even if it takes several years to turn into considerable profits, it is also determined to pay and wait. Zuckerberg blocked his future this time, and he won’t go back when he opens his bow.

Unlike Meta, which was plunged by the Nasdaq market, Microsoft gained momentum after its financial report was released. It rose by 5% after hours, and overtook Apple for the nth time to become the highest value company in the world.

As the first commercial track leader to bet on generative artificial intelligence, Microsoft’s performance is still firm, and all business indicators have exceeded expectations:

The total revenue was $61.86 billion, up 17% year-on-year, exceeding the previous official guideline of 14.5%. The net profit was $21.94 billion, up 20% from $18.3 billion in the same period last year. The adjusted earnings per share was $2.94, higher than the market expectation of $2.82.

Driven by the strong demand of AI, Intelligent Cloud, including Azure public cloud, Windows server, voice recognition software Nuance and GitHub, continued to live up to expectations, with revenue increasing by 21% year-on-year to $26.7 billion, higher than the market expectation of $26.25 billion. The growth rate was the highest in five fiscal quarters, and it also surpassed rivals Amazon AWS and Alphabet Google Cloud.

Among them, Azure and other cloud services increased by 31% year-on-year, and 7 percentage points came from AI contribution.

In this regard, CEO Nadella pointed out in a conference call that "Azure has become the center of AI projects, involving not only AI models, but also databases and other services. Many customers are using Microsoft platforms and tools to build their own AI solutions:

More than 65% of Fortune 500 companies are using Azure OpenAI service, and GitHub Copilot for developers has 1.8 million paid subscribers. 30,000 customers use Copilot Studio low-code tools to customize their own Copilot. "

In addition to intelligent cloud, since this is the first full quarter since Microsoft launched 365 Copilot generative artificial intelligence assistant to commercial customers last November, the market is also very concerned about the sales performance of Office suite.

Nadella said that Copilot has embedded the latest technology of OpenAI into Microsoft’s entire product line to provide customers with various value-added services. The data shows that the revenue of productivity and business process departments increased by 12% year-on-year to $19.6 billion in this quarter, of which the revenue of Office 365 increased by 15%, and the number of paid subscribers has reached 80.8 million. It is expected that it will continue to achieve steady growth in the next fiscal quarter-which shows that Microsoft has a solid foundation and remarkable achievements in the commercialization of AI software.

In addition, thanks to the acquisition of Activision Blizzard in October last year, Microsoft’s personal computing revenue, including game business, also achieved double-digit growth to $15.6 billion, and Xbox performance increased by 62% year-on-year.

Nadella confidently said: "Microsoft is leading a new era of AI transformation, bringing better business results to various roles and industries."

Since the beginning of this year, Microsoft has been making great moves in the field of AI. On the eve of the financial report, an exciting news was announced: on the basis of the 2020 cooperation agreement with Coca-Cola Company, we will continue to sign a five-year strategic contract worth $1.1 billion. Help it achieve further digital transformation through Microsoft Azure Cloud, Microsoft 365 Copilot tools and leading generative artificial intelligence technology.

Last week, Microsoft’s artificial intelligence empire expanded to the Middle East for the first time: it invested $1.5 billion in G42, an AI company in the United Arab Emirates, and obtained its minority stake and board seats. Meanwhile, G42 will run its AI applications and services on the Azure cloud computing platform.

In the layout of the big model, after spending $13 billion on OpenAI, Microsoft also decided not to spoil ChatGPT alone, but to open up more possibilities. In February, it was announced that it had reached an in-depth cooperation with Mistral AI, a French star AI startup, investing 150,000 euros and providing computing infrastructure to assist in large-scale model training and reasoning. Mistral has also become the second commercial closed-source model supplier of Microsoft besides OpenAI.

In March, after leading the latest round of financing for the artificial intelligence unicorn Infection AI, Microsoft directly poached its two co-founders and most of its technical staff. Mustafa Suleyman, the former CEO of Influence, was appointed as the CEO of Microsoft AI, a newly established artificial intelligence department, responsible for integrating consumer toC products, including Copilot, Bing and Edge, and reporting directly to Nadella. Another co-founder Karen Simonyan joined as the chief scientist. One operation not only obtained the authorization of Influence technology, but also completed the talent acquisition of "hollowing out" level, which once shocked the industry.

In terms of hardware, in addition to introducing two new Surface as the next generation AIPC, Microsoft is also developing a new network card similar to NVIDIA ConnectX-7 to support the self-developed Maia 100. It also plans to hoard 1.8 million AI chips by the end of this year and triple the number of GPUs. Significant progress has also been made in building a data center worth up to $100 billion with OpenAI and building a supercomputer called "Stargate".

Bet on a number of mainstream large model development teams, make great strides in data processing capabilities, coupled with the stronger technical advantages after the launch of GPT-5, Microsoft has a stable position in the Jianghu.

Looking at the new round of financial performance of Meta, Alphabet and Microsoft, it is not difficult to see that generative artificial intelligence has penetrated into all aspects of the business pipeline and become the core engine driving enterprise growth.

Microsoft’s success is particularly typical, with a number of AI software and hardware forward-looking layout firmly in the top spot, and various businesses take off at high speed.

Although Meta’s huge AI investment makes investors jumpy, it is still unknown whether it can realize commercial profit as soon as possible, but the advertising revenue boosted by AI has achieved initial results. With Llama’s big model and computing power blessing, Zuckerberg’s determination and ambition to build a global AI leader should not be underestimated.

As for big brother Google, it finally found its own rhythm in the AI ? ? war. Weapons such as Gemini and TPU have sharpened their swords and are ready to accelerate the search for new growth points in the AI wave.

The judgment of the three giants on the development direction of artificial intelligence is surprisingly consistent, and they all offered a gamble of real money to invest in this future technological change. Standing on the cusp of the times, how high and how far AI can finally take them, the eyes of the global technology industry will look here.

(The cover picture is from Josh Edelson/AFP via Getty Images)

Editor’s Note: This article comes from the column of Radar Finance in Entrepreneurship State. Author: Zhang Kai Jing, Editor: Deep Sea, Source: Turtles.

Thousands of takeaway riders are not only trapped in the system, but also trapped in the employment relationship.

Recently, Beijing Zhicheng Legal Aid and Research Center for Migrant Workers released a 57-page Legal Research Report on the Employment Mode of Takeaway Platform (hereinafter referred to as the Report), which revealed the complex and rapid evolution of the employment mode of Takeaway Platform in the past 10 years, and gradually developed into 3 categories and 8 main modes.

Through the change of mode, the take-away platform has successfully stripped away the labor costs and employment risks brought by riders, and separated them layer by layer. Through a series of superficial legal arrangements and cooperation with distributors/crowdsourcing service companies and flexible employment platforms, the labor relations of riders have been broken step by step, thus quietly pushing them to the edge of rights protection.

Nowadays, the legal isolation effect between the take-away platform and the distributor/crowdsourcing service company is remarkable, and the recognition rate of the take-away platform is basically controlled within 1%.

Shao Moumou has been a "hungry" special rider since October 2017, and is engaged in full-time take-away delivery in Beijing. In the middle of the night of April 2019, Shao Moumou had just delivered the last order. Just as he was riding an electric car on the side of the road, waiting for the backstage approval to get off work at 12 o’clock, a large truck with high beam lights came on. Subsequently, Shao Moumou fell into the big pit in front of the road, causing serious injuries.

Because there was no money for medical treatment in Beijing, Shao Moumou returned to his hometown for treatment and support, and confirmed that the accident had constituted a level 9 disability after half a year. At this point, Shao hopes to determine the work-related injury, but the search for employers has become a major problem.

After entrusting Zhicheng Center to seek legal aid, Shao Moumou quickly won the labor arbitration in Beijing and successfully confirmed the labor relationship with Dias Company, which belongs to the site. But a week later, Shao Moumou received the news that Dias Company filed a lawsuit against him in Chongqing, where it was registered.

After the change of the litigation place, the litigation result has also changed. In November, 2020 and May, 2021, Shao Moumou lost the first trial and the second trial in succession, despite the help of Zhicheng Sichuan Legal Aid Station for Migrant Workers, and the hope of obtaining compensation for work-related injuries was basically dashed. But Zhicheng did not give up.

The day before Zhicheng published the Report, the fifth legal procedure in this case had just started. Because Diaz Company once said in Chongqing that it had outsourced the relevant distribution business to Taichang Company, and Shao Moumou’s salary has been paid by Taichang Company, the current prosecution object of Zhicheng is Taichang, and it is jointly and severally liable for being hungry.

"When the case hit the middle, we were once desperate because we couldn’t find an employer, which just shows the complexity and seriousness of the system. Workers have been injured for more than two years, and legal proceedings have gone on for more than one year. Is it necessary to pay such a huge price after the rights and interests of workers are hurt? " Tong Lihua, director of Beijing Zhicheng Law Firm and member of the legal expert database of Beijing Municipal Committee, said.

Yan Lihua also said that during the whole process, the platform did not see any reflection, did not express any apologies to the injured workers, and did not have any opinions on this process and how many workers solved related problems. Even proposed to lose money, but if you are hungry, the platform doesn’t want to sign any words, just want to take money to sign a confidentiality agreement and solve the case.

As a professional legal aid institution for migrant workers, Zhicheng Center realizes that Shao’s hardship is a concrete epitome of tens of millions of take-away riders, which is essentially caused by the complex form of the employment mode of the take-away platform in reality, but these complicated legal relationships hidden in the take-away system have not been fully revealed and discussed so far.

In order to fully understand the employment mode of take-away platform and related problems, Beijing Zhicheng Legal Aid and Research Center for Migrant Workers conducted field visits for nearly three months, had in-depth exchanges with industry experts, and with the help of more than 50 volunteers with professional backgrounds such as law, economics and computer science, formulated a Report containing 1,907 valid judgments.

Radar Finance has learned that the Report has made a detailed analysis of the three categories and eight modes of employment of take-away platforms in the past decade.

Before the take-away platform appeared, restaurants usually hired their own employees to deliver; After the appearance of the take-away platform, the take-away staff turned to be recruited by the platform. In the early stage of the scale of the take-away market, the platform will still attract a large number of laborers to flood into the distribution market with generous treatment. At this point, a formal labor contract relationship will still be established directly between the takeaway and the platform.

At this stage, the platform may also adopt the mode of labor dispatch, that is, a labor dispatch company is added between the rider and the platform. However, China’s "Labor Contract Law" guarantees that the labor dispatching unit and the employing unit shall bear joint and several liability for compensation when the workers are damaged.

In the middle stage of the development of take-away platforms, the cost of transportation capacity has increased greatly, but the platforms have been "rolled up" badly, so optimizing the transportation capacity structure has become the first choice for major platforms, and crowdsourcing mode has emerged.

However, the court almost never finds that crowdsourcing riders have a labor relationship with the take-away platform, even when the take-away platform directly signs a cooperation agreement with crowdsourcing riders. Because crowdsourcing riders have a very high degree of freedom, the use and management of the platform is very different from the employment management in the labor law.

After the take-away platform cooperates with crowdsourcing service companies and further "legally isolates" itself from crowdsourcing riders, it is even more impossible for the court to identify the labor relationship between the platform and crowdsourcing riders. Only in a few scenes, the court will find that there is a labor relationship between crowdsourcing service company and crowdsourcing rider, such as the rider engaged in full-time distribution on a single take-away platform, and the scene caused serious damage.

It is worth mentioning that the ability of these crowdsourcing service companies to resist risks is open to question. One of the crowdsourcing service companies of Hummingbird crowdsourcing has a registered capital of only 50,000 yuan, which has not been paid in full. In the first half of 2021, it was listed as an executor of dishonesty twice.

After the emergence of crowdsourcing, the "regular army" of the platform was also outsourced to distributors, but a large number of distributors required riders to sign contract agreements, cooperation agreements and part-time agreements during the entry process, which greatly affected the identification of labor relations and the protection of rights and interests of escort riders. At the same time, the existence of the distributor also makes the complaint that the special delivery rider wants the take-away platform to bear the responsibility of the employer end in failure.

On this basis, some distributors subcontract all or part of their distribution business to other companies or even individuals, forming a complex outsourcing network. This makes the takeaway platform clear the legal relationship with the special rider.

What Shao Moumou encountered was the network outsourcing model after multi-layer evolution. After a series of moves, the rider’s labor relationship has been completely dismembered, and it is increasingly difficult for the court to determine the employer in judicial practice.

However, this is not the ultimate form of the evolution of employment mode. In recent reports, many special riders have been registered as individual industrial and commercial households, which directly changes the employment relationship between riders and distributors into the equal cooperation relationship between riders and flexible employment platforms and distributors, and the platform is almost impossible to be recognized as an employer.

More than 1900 judgments have also proved the above evolution. According to the statistics of the Report, among the 1,907 valid judgments, there were 1,719 cases involving the US delegation and being hungry, including more than 1,500 cases involving exclusive riders and less than 200 cases involving crowdsourcing riders.

The first condition for the protection of the labor rights and interests of the rider is to confirm the labor relationship with the employer. At first, when the take-out platform was self-employed, the rate of the rider’s recognition of labor could reach 100%. When the take-out platform outsourced the business to a first-class distributor, the rate of the rider’s recognition of labor dropped to 81.93%. When the distributor outsourced the business again, the rate of the rider’s recognition of labor further dropped to 47.46%.

Among them, there is the problem of identifying labor relations and objects. After the take-away platform changed from self-management to outsourcing, the probability of being identified as an employer dropped sharply from 100% to 0.32%, and it dropped to 0 when it was in the mode of individual industrial and commercial households. The distributor also successfully reduced the court’s recognition rate from 81.93% to 47.46% and 58.62% through outsourcing and individual industrial and commercial households.

In infringement cases, almost all the employer’s responsibilities that the take-away platform had to bear were transferred to the distributor/crowdsourcing service company, which was reduced from 100% of the platform’s self-operated and labor dispatch to less than 15%.

Based on this, the Report puts forward several major challenges of the take-away employment mode, namely, the cooperative employment mode artificially breaks the labor relationship, the rights and responsibilities of the take-away platform are not unified, the distributor market is fragile and gradually distorted, the protection of rider’s labor data and personal information is not in place, and the crowdsourcing mode changes from flexible employment to sticky employment.

Regarding the problems shown in the Report, Tong Lihua believes that the labor contract law and social insurance law should be revised as soon as possible, and the main responsibility of platform enterprises should be clarified.

"The platform manages and supervises the riders in real time through algorithms and digitalization, and has mastered all the data and enjoyed the greatest benefits. But now the platform throws all the main responsibilities to others, which is inappropriate. I agree that the platform will assign responsibilities to other cooperative companies through agreements, but in this process, the platform still has to bear the main responsibility. What’s the point of doing some so-called public welfare while evading and shirking the responsibility of labor and employment that you should bear? "

Zhicheng pointed out that the take-away platform should ensure that the special riders establish formal labor relations, and set up qualification requirements and access thresholds for cooperative companies. You can refer to the regulations of the construction industry and prohibit the cooperative company from subcontracting or outsourcing the main business part.

Tong Lihua also suggested that the state carry out special governance to promote enterprises to improve the reform of the employment system.

Specifically, we can conduct a comprehensive survey of distributors in the market, or take joint investigation actions against the flexible employment market to strengthen the supervision of the statutory obligations of employers and the registration and audit mechanism of individual industrial and commercial households.

In addition, Tong Lihua also advocated that more organizations should join the team to help workers defend their rights. "Trade unions can promote participation in relevant law enforcement work, and we also need more professional public service organizations to safeguard the rights and interests of workers."

Yu Shaoxiang, an expert on social security policy and chief researcher of innovation engineering at the Institute of Social Development Strategy of China Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out that the Report is solid and its conclusions and suggestions are operable. In the next step, we can further study which legal provisions need to be revised and how to amend them, so as to achieve better results.

Radar Finance noted that following July, the General Administration of Market Supervision, the National Network Information Office, the National Development and Reform Commission and other seven departments jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Responsibility of Online Catering Platforms and Effectively Safeguarding the Rights and Interests of Take-away Food Delivery Workers, on September 10, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and other four departments interviewed 10 platforms, including Meituan, Hungry and Didi, with the guidance platform as the main content of how to protect the rights and interests of workers.

Radar Finance will continue to pay attention to whether the employment mode that separates layers and gradually strips off platform risks will actually return to the route of protecting workers’ rights and interests, or will continue to evolve into new "variants".

This article is published by Entrepreneurial State authorized by the columnist, and the copyright belongs to the original author. The article is the author’s personal opinion and does not represent the position of the entrepreneurial state. Please contact the original author for reprinting. If you have any questions, please contact editor@cyzone.cn.

Special feature of 1905 film network　Compared with the domestic animated film Nezha, which has won nearly 1 billion box office in just a few days, the new version of The Lion King, which was adapted from Disney animation, is somewhat "acclimatized". Up to now, the box office in the Mainland has just exceeded 800 million. No one’s all-CG "real lion version" adaptation form also appeared on the big screen for the first time, which caused a lot of controversy.

Netizen’s homemade "Lion King" animation style Xiao Simba

Audiences who are familiar with Disney will be familiar with the "live-action version" of animated films. There are princess series such as Cinderella, Beauty and the Beast, Sleeping Curse, etc., which have captured the hearts of many young girls, and later include Dumbo, Aladdin and Fantasy Forest. The live-action version of Mulan, starring China movie star Liu Yifei, has been occupying the hot search list for many days.

What many people don’t know, however, is that the source of Disney’s animated adaptation of live-action movies should be traced back to jungle book in 1994, and Fantasy Forest, which was released in 16 years, was also adapted from the The Jungle Book. The hero of the film is also a Chinese movie star — — Jason Scott Lee.

A real person, lion, wolf, elephant and monkey version of jungle book.

It’s just that the movie didn’t cause much response after it was released. Disney didn’t arrange such a huge animation adaptation plan for live-action movies until Alice in Wonderland and Sleeping Curse made a good box office.

Disney live-action adaptation movie box office list

Animation adaptation of real-life film and television works has always been a way of film and television production. Excellent original paintings have accumulated audiences and word of mouth, but it is not easy to break through the limitations of comics and gain more audiences. For example, the word-of-mouth and box office of The Lion King have formed a huge gap, which is not conducive to the subsequent expansion of the Lion King IP.

In China, there are also a large number of film and television works adapted from live-action versions, among which there are many excellent classics and wonderful works.

Let Xiao Dianjun take you to find out.

Anime adaptation of the live-action movie China existed 70 years ago.

As early as 1948, we had already made a cartoon adaptation of a live-action movie — — San Mao, played by Wang Longji, is also the first real-life cartoon image on the screen in China. Zhang Leping created Sanmao in 1935. He is thin and short, with only three hairs on his head. He can only make a living by selling newspapers, polishing shoes and being an apprentice, but he still struggles hard with life. He can be said to be the epitome of suffering children in the old society.

The comic book "San Mao Joining the Army" was published in Shanghai Shenbao in 1946, which was a sensation. Another masterpiece, The Wandering of Sanmao, was serialized in Ta Kung Pao the following year. Sanmao written by Zhang Leping aroused strong social repercussions because it reflected profound social contradictions. In those days, life was hard, and people needed people with the spirit of "Xiaoqiang" like San Mao.

In 1948, the film "San Mao Wandering"

In 1948, Sanmao first went from comic books to the big screen. Of course, the film experienced many twists and turns from production to release, including stopping shooting, hiding in the snow and continuing shooting, and finally was released in December 1949. On the eve of founding ceremony, as the first step of the official release of the new China, the film "San Mao’s Wandering Tale" was first released in Shanghai Daguangming, Maggie and other theaters. During the two months of continuous screening in Shanghai, it was full.

In the 1980s, this film also participated in a series of European exhibitions, and caused a sensation at Cannes Film Festival. It was shown in six cinemas in Paris for 60 days, followed by another month. At this year’s Shanghai International Film Festival, a 4k restored version of San Mao’s Wandering Story also appeared in the screening unit.

According to statistics, there are more than 50 kinds of comic books about Sanmao’s image, and the cumulative printing quantity exceeds 10 million copies. On the basis of the adaptation of the original comics and movies, a series of film and television dramas about Sanmao have emerged. It was adapted into a movie twice in 1958 and 1980, a TV series twice in 1996 and 1999, and an animation by CCTV in 2006.

The reason why Sanmao can become a national classic children’s figure is closely related to the time when he was created and the lack of people’s entertainment resources, so the derived adaptation works can last for nearly 60 years.

These wonderful adaptation forms may be unheard of by you.

The big move of Disney animation adaptation film is to restart the classic IP and harvest a new wave of young audiences. Although according to the box office of The Lion King and Aladdin, Disney has achieved its goal, but this new wine in a bottle is also a double-edged sword, and Disney’s creativity may disappear with the adaptation.

The technology of real people +CGI can make the scenes in animation vivid, but many years ago, the imaginative space that animation could give the audience was stifled by the "animal telling people" that was too realistic and inconsistent.

If cartoons and animations are well received and widely spread before adaptation, it will be difficult for the live-action version to surpass the original. The preconceived idea will make the audience unconsciously compare the real person with the cartoon character, and once the deviation of the real person’s casting is too large, the reputation of the whole work may collapse.

Live-action version of Big Head Son and Little Head Dad

In 2018, Ying Da made the national animation "Big Head Son and Little Head Dad" into a sitcom. Although the animation series also launched a restart version of the drama series and 3D movies before, the images of big head son and little head dad also maintained a consistent "animation style".

This sitcom uses live actors instead of special effects, which will inevitably lead to the "smaller head" of the big-headed son, and the little-headed father played by Chen Chuang has nothing to lose, so this drama has no interest.

Little head dad, big head son and apron mom are three.

Just like the big-headed son doesn’t have a "big head", the apron mother just wears an apron. This way, there is no way to fool the original audience of comics.

Since the use of real-life realism has been criticized, the original image has lost its charm, so how do these "surreal" images behave?

Old Master Q shows off his skills.

Old Master Q, a Hong Kong cartoon, has been adapted into a real movie for many years, and the most influential one is The Professor 2001 directed by Qiu Litao and produced by Tsui Hark. The film adopts a combination of real people and animation, using CG technology to make Old Master Q, sweet potato and "Feng Zhi" group contract stage drag show.

The form of using real people to play real people and using special effects to make "dummies" really brought a refreshing feeling to the audience in that year, and finally gained a box office score of 18.36 million Hong Kong dollars, ranking among the top ten in Hong Kong box office in 2001. It has also achieved a leap in Hong Kong’s film special effects technology.

Old Master Q, sweet potato and Cecilia Cheung.

The adaptation of the following films is even more "nonsense" — — The switch of honey juice between human pig and Jin Roh: The Wolf Brigade also puzzled the audience.

"Springfield Flower Reunion" BiBi Zhou plays McDull when he grows up.

In 2006, the popular McDull series was remake into a live-action movie "Springfield Flower Reunion". BiBi Zhou, who has just made her debut as a "super girl", plays a girl who forgets her childhood heart and finally realizes that she was a pig when she was a child after being tortured by robbers.

The film takes the form of two-dimensional animation and a brand-new original story of real people, forcibly treating the animation part as a fragment of memories. In the end, the film did not gain traffic and word of mouth because of the blessing of a number of Hong Kong and Taiwan stars, and was even regarded as a failure of the McDull series.

The lazy sheep and the gray taro couple crossed

The adaptation form of real people’s happiness and big Wolf movies is even more surprising — — This time, Big Wolf and Pleasant Goat crossed into the real world to rescue Little Grey, and turned into human beings.

Wang Xun becomes a big wolf.

Although Wang Xun’s acting skills can fully support the role of Big Wolf, it is still difficult to connect the real person with the wolf without acting. Wang Xun dyed a yellow hair and combed his hair back in order to be close to Big Big Wolf in color matching, but his trademark rabbit teeth can’t really show the sinister wolf nature.

Whether McDull, Pleasant Goat or Big Big Wolf, the original cartoons are all positioned in children, so the adapted film and television works are also geared to younger audiences.

However, in contrast to Disney’s "live version" films, the original animation also tells fairy tales, but after being adapted from reality, it attracts audiences of all ages to enter the cinema.

　In recent years, with the gradual maturity of China’s film market, the animation-adapted live-action films are gradually getting rid of the style of being young and young, and the audience has turned from children and teenagers to the adult market, and many excellent quality works have emerged, "Fuck off! Tumor jun, Get My Brother Away, Animal World and other films can achieve a double harvest in word-of-mouth box office. Apart from the star joining, they also benefit from the adaptation of the story.

"Black Cat Sheriff" animation film

In 2015, it was reported that Lu Chuan was going to direct a live-action version of Sheriff Black Cat.

Now nearly five years have passed, and there is no progress in the film. We may expect that China can also make a "real cat version" of Sheriff Black Cat in the future.

Sun Xi

1905 movie network news A few days ago, Sun Xi, a Beijing people’s art actress who was loved by the audience for her role as "Aunt Xi" in Empresses in the Palace, published a long article in Weibo on the question "Why even the best actors have uncontrollable roles", and put forward her own profound and unique opinions. Taking her personal experience as a case, she objectively analyzed the reasons why it is difficult for actors to overlap with each role 100%, which attracted praises from netizens.

I don’t know when the trend of using "one person with thousands of faces" to describe idol acting suddenly rose in the pink circle, and various fans have developed different titles. For a time, no matter whether it is small fresh meat or old bones, everyone plays like what, and each one is "one person with thousands of faces".

Searching for "one person with thousands of faces" in Baidu has many results.

The problem is that although "one person has thousands of faces, it is the greatest praise for an actor and the dream that many actors have been pursuing". The difference between an ideal and a dream is that what you can achieve through hard work is an ideal, and what you can’t achieve through hard work is basically a dream. This time, professional actors finally stood up and told us with objective and rational brushstrokes: "Even the best actors do have roles that they can’t control."

Sun Xi published a long article in Weibo.

In the long article, Sun Xi deeply analyzed the objective factors that it is difficult for even a particularly excellent actor to be 100% coincident with every role.

I will also share my personal experience in college as a case, which shows that the lack of subjective conditions will also affect the actor’s interpretation of the role.

With clear logic and well-founded reply, Sun Xi has been praised by many people in the industry and also praised by netizens: "I have known you since Feng Yuan, and your favorite performance in the world is Feng Yuan. From Feng Yuan to Park Sunseeker, it feels like your growth as a good actor, and you should play a role that suits you at the right age." "Goddess, you should go further and further on the road to being a good actor."

Therefore, in fact, fans really don’t need to boast that idols are "one person with thousands of faces". As actors, every stage of life has a mentality at each stage, and there will be roles suitable for each stage. Grasping the present, shooting every play well, taking every role seriously, looking back on your career one day and putting all the roles together are naturally irrefutable "one person has thousands of faces."

　　"Riders often perform’ speed of life and death’ when delivering takeout, and we can’t stop it at all." Wang Liru, a traffic persuader at an intersection in Chaoyang District, Beijing, said. Every afternoon and evening rush hours, Wang Li can always see many take-away riders "flash by" in front of her eyes-whether it is a red light or a green light; I have also seen many take-away riders have traffic accidents.

　　

　　Guo Kun, a rider, is one of the "speeding experts". He admitted to the reporter that he once ran red lights twice and went backwards three times in a delivery process, and the whole speed exceeded 50 kilometers per hour many times. "Of course I know it’s not safe, but if I don’t do it, I won’t be able to deliver it on time. If the delivery is overtime, more money will be deducted than it should be earned. " He said, "As a rider, which one didn’t cross the red light and which one didn’t exceed the speed?"

　　

　　With the development of Internet food ordering industry, take-away food delivery is more and more convenient for people’s lives, but at the same time, the pursuit of speed leads riders to ignore traffic regulations, and the accident rate is high.

　　

　　It is very common for riders to ignore the red light and go retrograde at intersections.

　　

　　At 6 o’clock on the afternoon of July 17, the take-away rider delivered food at the peak time. At an intersection connecting shopping malls with many office buildings and residential buildings in Chaoyang District, Beijing, the reporter observed that more than 70 riders passed by the intersection within 30 minutes, including as many as 35 people who went backwards, crossed the road obliquely and ran red lights.

　　

　　There are many restaurants around the intersection, and dozens of take-away electric cars fill the sidewalk, so pedestrians can only walk along the road. After the riders took the order to take the meal, they rode the electric car and drove directly into the road along the sidewalk.

　　

　　Guo Kun often delivers takeout in this area, with a delivery radius of up to 5 kilometers, and the delivery time of an order ranges from 30 minutes to 60 minutes. He told reporters that a rider may have six or seven orders at the same time during the peak delivery period, and the delivery time almost overlaps. If you don’t overtime, you can only try to compress the delivery time of each order. The system will provide route navigation for each order, but the delivery time is calculated according to the shortest route, and some shortest routes even include retrograde sections. If you don’t go retrograde and overspeed, it is impossible to deliver every order on time.

　　

　　Once the delivery is overtime, it will be costly: according to the overtime time, a certain proportion of the delivery fee will be deducted, sometimes as high as 70%. "Everyone earns hard money and has to be happy." Guo Kun said.

　　

　　Zhang Yi, who works as a security guard in Beijing, will work as a part-time rider during the holidays. "I definitely want to send more orders and earn more money." He said that the maximum speed of the national standard electric vehicle is only 25 yards. Normally, only two or three orders can be taken at a time. If you want to send more orders and speed up, you have to take risks to modify the electric vehicle. In order not to exceed the time limit, we must always keep an eye on the time during the delivery process, and it is inevitable to run a red light and go backwards.

　　

　　Luo Yu, a part-time rider from Guangzhou, Guangdong, faces the same dilemma. He only runs for three or four hours every day, focusing on lunch and dinner. On average, he completes more than a dozen orders a day. There are systematic orders and his own orders. Although there is a risk of overtime in taking more orders, Luo Yu still hopes to take more orders, because taking more orders means making money. When there are more lists in hand, it is common for him to run a red light and go backwards.

　　

　　The number of traffic accidents has increased, and the rights and interests of both parties are difficult to protect.

　　

　　Riders speeding, retrograde and running red lights lead to an increasing number of traffic accidents.

　　

　　According to the staff of Changsha Traffic Accident Handling Center in Hunan Province, a large part of traffic accidents involve take-away riders, most of which are running red lights and driving in the opposite direction, especially the phenomenon of watching mobile phones while riding. In recent years, the traffic accident rate of take-away riders is on the rise.

　　

　　On the evening of August 1, the sky was raining. The reporter witnessed a traffic accident in a residential area in Chaoyang District, Beijing: a take-away rider wore a raincoat with a rain hat half covering his eyes, riding while answering the phone, completely ignoring the passers-by walking ahead. After he reacted, he turned sharply, the electric car slipped directly, and the take-away in the incubator was scattered all over the floor.

　　

　　For riders, once an accident occurs, compensation is often difficult to achieve.

　　

　　Liu ling, a rider in Beijing, was once hit by a car while delivering takeout food, leaving a 5 cm scar on the outside of his arm. "The driver has insurance, and the insurance company asked me to provide proof of income to calculate the lost time. My monthly income at that time was about 10,000 yuan. When I could find a platform to prove my income, the platform said that this had nothing to do with them. Finally, the insurance company paid according to the minimum wage standard. "

　　

　　The rights and interests cannot be guaranteed, and there are passers-by who are injured by takeaway riders.

　　

　　Wang Pingping, a Beijing photographer, was injured by a takeaway rider on his way to work. After the accident, the traffic police decided that the rider was fully responsible for the accident, but the rider could not afford it, so he went to the platform company, but the other party completely ignored the responsibility. "In order to avoid injury, you can only try to stay away from the’ flying’ takeaway rider in the future." Wang Pingping said.

　　

　　Many factors lead to chaos platform algorithm needs to be improved.

　　

　　Many interviewed riders mentioned that on the one hand, they made more money in order to take more orders, on the other hand, they did it for platform performance evaluation and to avoid being punished for overtime.

　　

　　The reporter learned that at present, most take-away platforms implement piece-rate wages, and the income of riders mainly comes from the commission of "running orders". The more orders you take, the more you earn. In addition, the rider’s identity level depends on the rider’s "bee value", which is calculated by attendance, order quantity, response rate, favorable rate and other dimensions. The higher the "bee value", the more orders are sent. Riders are desperately running for the data and fighting for the "bee value" because it is closely related to income.

　　

　　Wu Jie is the stationmaster of a delivery platform outsourcing distribution company in Taian, Shandong. He told reporters that the take-away platform is usually only responsible for merchants’ entry and order generation, and the distribution service is outsourced to distribution companies, and then the local sites below each distribution company provide distribution services.

　　

　　"The reward and punishment systems of different distribution companies are basically similar, but the calculation rules are different. For example, in 4 yuan, the average unit price in Shandong, the reward and punishment system is relatively loose, and in 6 yuan to 8 yuan, the average unit price in Beijing, the reward and punishment system is more strict. The most important things in rider performance appraisal are punctuality rate, satisfaction rate, violation rate and attendance rate. " Wu Jie said.

　　

　　"Regarding complaints and bad reviews, if full-time riders encounter such situations, they can either negotiate with customers or only accept fines." Wu Jie said, "Part-time riders deduct personal credit points according to the situation. When the credit points are insufficient, it is forbidden to take orders. You need online training to answer questions to restore the right to take orders. In more serious cases, the title will be permanently sealed."

　　

　　Some riders have also suggested that there are many unreasonable places in the distance algorithm of the platform. For example, the delivery time is calculated according to the distance, and it will not be judged according to the speed of the merchant’s meal, the small meal, and the presence or absence of special circumstances on the road.

　　

　　Dong Laichao, an expert in traffic law practice and the chief lawyer of Beijing Kaiya Law Firm, has long been concerned about the rights and interests of take-away riders. He summed up the reasons for the frequent traffic violations of riders. Apart from the riders’ poor awareness of traffic rules and lack of safety education, the unreasonable platform dispatching mode and single algorithm are important reasons.

　　

　　It is urgent to supervise and control chaos with certificates.

　　

　　In fact, as early as 2021, the Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Responsibility of Online Catering Platforms and Effectively Safeguarding the Rights and Interests of Take-away Food Delivery Personnel was jointly issued by the General Administration of Market Supervision, the National Network Information Office and the National Development and Reform Commission. It was proposed that the platform should not take "the strictest algorithm" as the assessment requirement, and the assessment factors such as order quantity, punctuality rate and online rate can be reasonably determined through "algorithm selection" and the delivery time limit can be appropriately relaxed. Online catering platforms and third-party cooperative units shall participate in social insurance for take-away food delivery personnel who establish labor relations according to law, and encourage other take-away food delivery personnel to participate in social insurance.

　　

　　The reporter observed a take-away platform and found that its pilot changed the "estimated delivery time point" to "estimated delivery time period", and set up "punctual treasure" to guarantee the delivery time of the order. If the rider fails to deliver within this time period, the platform will pay the corresponding amount according to the overtime. However, on the rider’s order page, it still shows how many minutes it is required to be delivered, which has strict time limit. However, the rider can extend the delivery time by reporting that the merchant is slow to eat, and the delivery time is calculated from the time the order is received.

　　

　　It is urgent to balance the contradiction between "slowing down" and "income" of takeaway riders.

　　

　　A number of interviewed experts and industry insiders pointed out that controlling the traffic violations of take-away riders is inseparable from joint supervision, one is the supervision of the platform, and the other is the supervision of the riders.

　　

　　Dong Laichao suggested that the platform adjust the assessment rules and optimize the algorithm. At present, many take-away platforms have not established a set of mechanisms to encourage take-away riders to reduce traffic violations, such as rewarding take-away riders who have not committed traffic violations; We can make full use of big data intelligent analysis, formulate standards, remove the time spent on traffic congestion from rider assessment, and ignore unreasonable bad reviews.

　　

　　In addition, in his view, it is urgent to set up a strict industry access system for take-away riders, and it is recommended that riders be certified. For example, a social management subject is determined to train riders, and after the training, the riders are certified to work, and the riders are assessed every year. If the traffic violations reach a certain number of times, the annual review will not be passed in the next year, and effective supervision will be formed through source management. (The parties in the text are all pseudonyms. Transferred from Rule of Law Daily, with deletion. )

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