Yam Tat-wah; Simon Yam

　　In the face of a "gangster" who has acted in more than 160 movies and more than 2,000 TV series, and can still eat with charm and eyes at the age of 52, you can’t help but feel awe. In the early morning of the 6th, Yam Tat-wah, who just got off the plane, accepted an exclusive interview with this newspaper in a suite of 8,000 yuan a night. During the nearly two-hour chat, except for a "violent" lock breaking incident because she forgot the suitcase password, Yam Tat-wah was so gentle. Just like when he spoke for Zhonglong International Royal Seal Real Estate at the press conference the next day, the host mistook him for Andy Lau (listening to music), and he didn’t take out a gun from the inside pocket of his suit. And when you see him take out a schedule filled out by himself, accurate to the hour, you may even think that he is so old-fashioned in life, but this is Yam Tat-wah’s real off-stage life.

　　Become famous and never forget your roots. Never eat abalone or bird’s nest.

　　Yam Tat-wah told reporters openly that his family was poor in childhood and adolescence. He lost his father when he was 11 years old. His mother took three children to live in a crowded corridor, and 30 families shared five bathrooms. In addition to studying, Yam Tat-wah also helps her mother string beads and make plastic flowers to subsidize her family. "The only entertainment is to watch a black-and-white TV at home. At that time, I really want to become a TV person." But the opportunity came at once. In the first year of middle school, Yam Tat-wah saw an advertisement for a model in the newspaper. He usually loves sports and has a strong figure. He signed up and was lucky to be selected. "I remember it was an advertisement for soda. I drank three bottles and passed, and the reward was only 200 yuan. Although it is a supporting role, so many models are popular with me, so happy. " Since then, more and more businesses have started to find Yam Tat-wah, and he can afford his own tuition. Yam Tat-wah’s life today has always been influenced by his childhood. For example, he never eats abalone and bird’s nest. "I tell people around me that it’s useless to eat those every day. I am a person with rice feelings. I must eat a dish every day-tofu, which is nutritious and cheap. I like vegetables and eggs, which is cheap and beautiful." The "boss" who is very affectionate has not been alienated from the friends who lived in the corridor in the past. "We have to get together several times a year."

　　When you are popular, you still insist on sacrificing yourself to achieve various roles.

　　Yam Tat-wah said several times in the interview that he was very lucky. In 1979, he got a leading role to play the police. "I have always respected the police in my life, and as long as I put on my uniform, the feeling of the police will come out, and I don’t have to play. You can never play like Stephen Chow, even if you play a funny policeman. " Asked repeatedly why there was such a strong police complex, Yam Tat-wah revealed that his father and brother were both policemen, and that "the death of my father was also an accident on business". And his brother Ren Darong is now a senior official of the Hong Kong Police Force. However, Yam Tat-wah said that his brother never commented on his gangster films. Yam Tat-wah also said that in fact, he is more looking forward to playing the police than the murderous gangster boss. "There is no way, I am like a fruit in a fruit bowl, and I will sacrifice myself to achieve various roles." Some people say that Hong Kong’s entertainment industry is now in an era of neglect, and the new generation of Nicholas Tse (listening to music) and Daniel Wu always give people the feeling that they can’t take over. Yam Tat-wah said that this will happen everywhere. "It’s not that they are not good, but that they don’t stick to it well. For example, some of my friends who were very popular more than 20 years ago don’t know where they are now, but look, Du Qifeng and Chow Yun Fat (listening to music) are all insisting, and there are young actors who want to make good movies, so don’t overdo it. Some things come too fast, so we should know how to cherish and enjoy them. "

　　Happy family will send her daughter to Beijing to study in the future.

　　Yam Tat-wah and his wife, Sophia Kao, one is an actor and the other is a supermodel, who are playing the romantic myth like a fairy couple in the entertainment circle. Yam Tat-wah said with a smile that he had been unrequited for two years before pursuing Sophia Kao. "Love at first sight, hard to chase. I saw Sophia Kao’s photo in a magazine, and I had the idea of making her my wife. But asking questions, no one knows where she is. I looked at the photos for two years, but I finally met her in an Austrian hotel. At that time, I invited her to have dinner with her parents. How do you make it clear about fate? " Now they have a lovely three-year-old daughter, Ren Qingjia. "Being a father is different. I am tired every day, and I smile at my daughter when I get home." He likes buying houses all over the country, and even bought a suite in her name when her daughter was one year old, and planned to use it as her residence when she was studying in Beijing in the future. Yam Tat-wah said that he would never send his daughter abroad to study: "The capital has a cultural atmosphere and historical sites, so why should it be sent out? My Mandarin is still not standard, please ask the teacher to teach, but my daughter’s first language is Mandarin and she speaks Mandarin. " Yam Tat-wah, who is eager to love her daughter, also said that children should not go their own way. "It is too hard to be an actor, and the EQ is very high to perform the trick well. Of course, if she likes it when she grows up, there is no way. I can only teach it by myself."

　　Link will personally decorate his home in Changsha.

　　This time, Yam Tat-wah made a special trip to Changsha, mainly to speak for Zhonglong International Royal Seal in the real estate project. Yam Tat-wah said that he has invested in properties all over the world, such as Manhattan 58th Street in new york, the second district in Paris, Central in Hong Kong and New World Business District in Beijing, totaling more than 20 places. Yam Tat-wah, who has become a real estate expert, said that he pays great attention to the grade and taste of real estate, and will never speak casually. "This endorsement of Zhonglong International Royal Seal, in addition to my satisfaction with the remuneration, I also bought a house myself. I have learned in detail that the central lake is 6000 square meters, and specially designed elevator buttons, smart cards for the elderly and children, spacious apartment space of 180 square meters to more than 500 square meters and perfect educational configuration. No matter the structure, texture, taste or humanistic environment of the house, it is very humanized. To be honest, this kind of property may not be possible even in Hong Kong. " Yam Tat-wah also said that this is also his first house in Changsha, and he likes to design and decorate his own mansion himself. In addition, Yam Tat-wah, who has been fascinated by photography for many years, said that he will come to Changsha again in a few months, and hold an exhibition of his own photography works in the newly-built clubhouse of Zhonglong International Royal Seal to communicate with fans in Changsha.

Our reporter Wang Lu Changsha reports.

　

Editor: Liu Liyan

After Brazil reached the World Cup quarter-finals, I believe all Brazilian fans around the world share my feelings: it’s been 20 years, and it’s finally dawn.

Don’t think that abusing South Korea is nothing. Now the South Korean team is no longer Amon. Looking at today’s football, no team except Brazil can win so brutally, thoroughly and heartily against South Korea. France can’t, England can’t, and Argentina can’t, but Brazil, which vowed to win for Pele, who is seriously ill, can.

Being a Brazilian fan is a very unique experience. On the one hand, it is very cool. Every World Cup is a favorite to win the championship, and there are warm expectations every four years. On the other hand, it’s very painful, because Brazil always fails if it doesn’t win the World Cup, but winning the World Cup requires not only strength, but also various coincidences, so more often, Brazilian fans will end their mental journey of the World Cup in disappointment.

Brazil has not won the championship for 20 years. What happened to the Brazilian team in these 20 years? Let me give you a brief stroke.

In 2006, Brazil claimed to be the strongest in nearly 40 years. However, arrogant soldiers are bound to lose. Please go back to the iron coach Pereira, who can’t relax put in order’s tactical discipline. When Henry beat Brazil, Carlos, the world’s number one left-back, was tying his shoelaces. Let us remember this little bald head that makes people love and hate.

In 2010, Brazil, with dim stars but strong integrity, was the only team that ever beat Spain in the Confederations Cup. In the knockout against the Netherlands, it not only took the lead, but also completely controlled the situation. However, a guy named Melo suddenly went crazy, making an own goal before a red card. Let’s remember the name Melo.

In the 14th and 18th World Cups, Brazil really can’t do it. Neymar is the only one who makes waves in the attack line. In 2014, Neymar and Tiago were absent, and in 2018, the two main full-backs were absent. However, these are not the main reasons for being eliminated, because from beginning to end, the Brazilian team did not show the dominance that the champions should have. The midfielder who wore the No.10 jersey in the 14th World Cup was Oscar, the one who later joined the Super League. He was a typical diligent organizer at Chelsea, diligent? What is the difference between this and swearing? Let’s remember the name Oscar, the worst midfield organizer in Brazilian history. The striker arrow of the 18th World Cup is Jesus, the one who just retired due to injury. His retirement is definitely good for Brazil. He may be an excellent striker in other teams, but he can only be regarded as a loser in Brazil. Let us remember the name Jesus, the worst striker arrow in Brazilian history.

Brazil’s group match was 2 wins and 1 loss, and it didn’t sweep all the way, but why is Brazil considered the biggest favourite to win the championship? Because Brazil only played Serbia in the first game and South Korea in the fourth game, not only the top star Neymar was absent due to injury, but even other players left half their strength.

Playing Serbia, Brazil showed the ability to control the field, basically did not let Serbia have any strength to fight back, and finally defeated this potential dark horse in many people’s hearts 3-0; Facing South Korea in the first match of the knockout, it is an all-round display of offensive firepower. I can say responsibly that this Brazilian team is stronger than the champion team led by 3R in 2002. Brazil beat China 4-0, but now this Brazilian team only needs half time to beat South Korea 4-0. If it doesn’t take the initiative to stop, a bloody case may happen at any time.

How strong is this Brazilian team? So strong that they don’t need full-back assists anymore. As we all know, the Brazilian team has never lacked epic full-backs. At present, the main full-backs in Brazil are Danilo and Sandro, which are not the top players in the world and far from the ability of Carlos and Cafu. The substitutes behind them are Alves, who spent nearly forty years brushing data with soy sauce, and Telles, who went home because of injury. In recent decades, looking around the world, we have almost never seen such a "greedy" full-back. When Brazil played offensive football, these two full-backs never forgot their responsibilities as defenders, and they managed the defense wholeheartedly. Wang Shenchao and Wang Gang of the national football team were more active in attacking than Brazil.

Why do Brazilian full-backs seldom take part in the attack? Because of three words: no need. There are as many as nine strikers in Brazil this time. Except for Jesus and Richarlyson, the other seven have winger attributes, and even Richarlyson made his debut as a winger. The winger is almost the answer to the version of football in this era. Brazil has so many wingers and all of them are excellent. The last guy is Anthony, and Manchester United spent 100 million yuan to buy him. You said, why do you need a full-back assist?

In fact, Brazil has not won the championship for 20 years, largely because Brazil has been short of excellent attackers since Ronaldinho retired. I don’t know when Brazil’s most sought-after players in Europe are divided into three categories, the first category is goalkeepers, the second category is central defenders, and the third category is engineers’ midfielders who do dirty work. The homogenization of Brazil’s talents is similar to that of Spain and Germany, which can’t find a center, so they have been tossing the ball around in the middle and back court.

This phenomenon has a lot to do with the tactical changes brought about by the last 24-year World Cup in Brazil. During those 24 years, Brazilian attack experts emerged one after another, attacking beautifully and defending bean curd dregs. After learning from a painful experience, Brazil began to focus on cultivating defensive engineers and redefining tactical discipline.

Brazil won the championship in 1994 and in 2002, which are essentially the same. The first time was a big shovel with romario and Bei Beituo in front and dirty work behind it, and the last time was a big shovel with 3R in front and dirty work behind it. The reason why this match can be established is that the big shovel for doing dirty work in Brazil is different from that in other countries. The big shovel in other countries is a pure engineer, and all Brazilian players have excellent ball-throwing ability, ball control ability and organization ability. Brazil’s big shovel, which won the championship twice, is more capable of threading the needle than English epic midfielder Steven Gerrard, such as gilberto silva.

However, no matter how offensive and defensive the back is, it is absolutely impossible without the arrow of the front line. In recent ten years, except for Neymar, other attackers in Brazil are really bad. Until this World Cup cycle, Brazil finally ushered in a blowout of attacking talents. Today, the reserve of Brazilian attackers is second only to the quintet of Ronaldinho, Kaka, Robinho and Adriano in 2006. However, that Brazilian team was eliminated by France long ago. When it beat Ghana 3-0 in the first round of the knockout round, there was no whole, and the tactical content was extremely poor. Now the overall cohesion of the Brazilian team is extremely tight.

Of course, Brazil also has rivals in winning the World Cup. The strongest opponent this year is still France, which not only plays well, but also is the natural enemy of Brazil.

Since the 1980s, Brazil has been defeated by France in the World Cup, and fell to France in 1986, 1998 and 2006. The French team has a solid footwork, tight defense in the center and backcourt, and at the same time, there is no shortage of skills and attack experts at the foot, which really beats Brazil in style. However, due to the absence of Kantor and Bogba, the French team changed its attack route. Although Mbappé was in a state of explosion and Gleizman became an excellent organizer, Brazil really didn’t like this type of France, and the two sides were still 60% sure of playing Brazil.

Thankfully, after a lapse of 20 years, the World Cup has returned to Asia. As the only "football kingdom" in the world, Brazil has also seen the possibility of returning to the top. By the way, do you remember those names just now? Melo, Oscar and Jesus, if you are not an Arsenal fan this season, you may have forgotten these names again, because although these players once represented Brazil in the World Cup, they never shocked people from their achievements to their playing methods. Even if they wore Brazil’s bright yellow shirts, they would not leave too many memories in the hearts of fans.

Football fans support a team and want nothing more than two things: excellent results and beautiful games, which are exactly what Brazil must have at the same time when it wins the World Cup.

That’s why we can remember the gorgeous representatives of Brazil: Ronaldo with a lucky head, Ronaldinho who cheated the English goalkeeper Seaman, Roberto Carlos whose thigh circumference is thicker than anyone else, and of course, Brazil’s eukaryotic Neymar now;

That’s why, I will also remember those tough backbones of Brazil: Taffarel, who is not well known, Dunga, who is not handsome, and thiago silva, who is now an old and strong captain.

There is only one Brazilian team in the world, but Brazil has more than one kind of football content. In 2022, Brazil in Qatar may not present the world wave that Ronaldinho did at the beginning, but they will always have a wonderful volley side hook like Richarlyson, and at the same time defend their own goal with tough defense and tough confrontation.

So 20 years later, when the World Cup returns to Asia, we seem to see the excellent hope that the World Cup will return to Brazil. Especially when they pull out the banner of "Fight for Bailey", so that more people are willing to stand behind them. There is already a king in heaven, so let another one stay with us for a while on earth.

The World Cup needs Brazilian football, and the world needs Brazilian football more.

Leicester city VS Leeds United

Leicester City defeated the Rangers away from home, and the league won 9 consecutive victories. The team’s recent performance is still hot, and it currently ranks first in the league with 39 points. Leicester city’s offensive end is active, and the stability of defense line is extremely strong. Leeds United beat Hadders at home in the last league. Although the team has experienced some ups and downs recently, it still wins more and loses less overall. At present, it ranks third in the league with 25 points. Leeds United’s offensive output is equally strong, but the defense strength is really insufficient in the near future.

Leicester city’s recent performance is still strong, and the team is currently at the top of the league. At the same time, the team’s home performance is also very strong. Leeds United is still winning more and losing less in the near future, but its overall stability is still insufficient compared with its opponents, especially the team’s recent defensive line is unstable. This time, leicester city is sitting at a strong home, and I believe there is still a chance to win the opponent’s winning streak.

Las palmas VS Atletico Madrid

Las palmas defeated Alme, the underdog in the last league, and the team has won many victories in the underdog recently. At present, it is chasing the 10th place in the league with 14 points. Las palmas’s offensive output has been strengthened, but the stability of the defense line is still insufficient. Atletico Madrid defeated Alaves at home in the last league, and the league won six consecutive victories. The overall state and stability continued to rise, and it is currently ranked third in the league with 25 points. Atletico Madrid’s offensive output has been continuously improved, and its defensive performance is acceptable, but the situation of zero sealing has been reduced.

Las palmas’s recent achievements have indeed warmed up, but the opponents are mostly weak teams in the league, and the gold content is really not high. The team’s performance at both ends of attack and defense is still obviously insufficient in the face of strong teams. Atletico Madrid’s recent performance is still strong, and the front line output is still very stable, but the defensive strength needs to be improved. This time, Atletico Madrid is a guest to challenge the opponent. I believe it is still a cinch to take away three points.

Paris saint-germain VS Montpellier

Paris Saint-Germain beat brest away from home in the last league, and the league won three consecutive victories and five unbeaten rounds. The team’s recent performance has been getting stronger and stronger, and the difference between the team and Nice at the top has narrowed to one point. The offensive output of Paris Saint-Germain has been strengthened again, but the defensive strength needs to be strengthened. Montpellier beat Toulouse at home in the last league. Although the team lost away from home before, its overall performance is still strong in the near future. At present, the team ranks sixth in the league with 15 points. Montpellier’s offensive output is still significantly strengthened, but the defensive end is also not stable enough.

The overall strength of Paris Saint-Germain is very secure, and the team’s recent achievements and performance are also worthy of recognition. In addition, the team has also found the home court advantage. The overall performance of Montpellier has also improved recently, winning several victories, but it is still difficult to compete with Paris in terms of strength. Montpellier’s visit to challenge Paris this time, I believe it is still a situation of losing less and winning.

Porto VS Lille, esto

Porto defeated Visala away from home in the last league, and won two consecutive victories in the league. Although the team suffered defeat in the face of traditional powerful teams, it still had no pressure in the face of other opponents. At present, the team ranks third in the league with 22 points. Porto’s offensive output is very secure, and the stability of the defense line has also improved. Lille, esto, lost to Polti in the last league, and the league suffered another three-game losing streak and seven rounds. At present, it only ranks at the bottom with four points. Esto Lille’s offensive performance is also relatively active, but the defense loopholes are also huge.

Porto’s overall strength is very secure, and the team is still able to face other opponents in the league, and the performance at home is also very safe. Rival esto Lille’s recent performance is still sluggish, although the offensive output is still guaranteed, but the defense loopholes are too large. This time, Porto sat at home to meet the challenge of the vice squad leader. I believe the team still has the ability to beat the opponent and win three points.

Bologna VS lazio

Bologna drew with Sassuolo in the last league. Although the team’s winning ability is not strong, it can still guarantee the unbeaten game in nine rounds, and the overall stability is acceptable. At present, the team ranks eighth in the league with 15 points. Bologna’s offensive output has strengthened, but the stability of the defense line has declined. Lazio beat Florence at home in the last league, and the league won three consecutive victories. The team has been in a strong state in the near future, and it can also win battles in a row. At present, it ranks seventh in the league with 16 points. Lazio’s offensive efficiency has improved, and the stability of the defense line has improved.

Bologna’s overall performance is quite stable. It has previously drawn against strong teams such as Juventus, Inter Milan and Naples, and it has a strong ability to score points in the main battle. Lazio, the opponent, has been strengthening in recent days, and it is also in a winning streak. Although the team’s performance in the away game is not good, most of its opponents are league teams, and they also have the ability to score points away from home. This time, the two teams collided, and Bologna, who performed very steadily, still had a chance to defend the unbeaten home, and the possibility of a draw between the two sides was not small.

　　Wu Guanghui, chief designer of Comac C919 and ARJ21, has won the national special prize for scientific and technological progress and the first prize for national defense scientific and technological achievements. A key model won the first prize of China Aviation Industry Corporation I and the first prize of the National Defense Science, Technology and Industry Committee.

　　"Many aircraft parts are made in China and fly in the sky every day. C919 has gone through nearly seven years, and has done a lot of design, calculation and experiments. I am definitely willing to take this plane first. "

　　— — Wu Guanghui

　　These days, in the commercial aircraft test center of China Commercial Aircraft Corporation, the newly-built Zhuqiao test hangar in Pudong is spacious and bright. In the hangar, the landing gear that originally supported the domestic large passenger plane C919 was all put into the landing gear cabin, and three air springs like "jacks" lifted the plane into mid-air. What is going on here is the ground resonance test and modal coupling test of the whole aircraft that must be completed before the first flight, which means that the C919 has officially entered the final sprint stage before the first flight.

　　C919 is a domestic large passenger plane independently designed and developed by China. It is a short-haul single-aisle narrow-body passenger plane with more than 150 seats. In the future, it will compete with internationally renowned commercial aircraft such as Airbus 320 series and Boeing 737 series for orders. The manufacturer China Commercial Aircraft Co., Ltd. recently announced that the C919 plans to make its first flight in the first half of 2017 and will fully launch the wide-body passenger aircraft project. It can be said that after nearly 10 years of hard work, China people’s dream of "big plane" will soon become a reality.

　　① Rigorous test to ensure safety.

　　To fly into the blue sky, a plane must first practice a pair of steel bars and iron bones. For the C919, which carries the dream of a big plane for Chinese people, the significance of the test is even more significant. This is the first large passenger plane made by China people, and its safety cannot be lost.

　　For this reason, C919 has undergone a series of tests like "torture". Among them, the 2.5g static test of the whole aircraft started in early November last year is the most severe and significant one since the birth of the C919.

　　This test mainly tests the strain and deformation of the "skeleton" of the body under constant external loading. In layman’s terms, this kind of test is to let the aircraft simulate the stress situation when challenging air flight on the ground, and go beyond the natural limit to verify how much force the aircraft can bear.

　　Before the start of the experiment, the researchers covered the whole body with white adhesive tape, which is a resistance strain gauge that can sensitively measure stress and strain close to the surface of the body, just like doing electrocardiogram for the plane. During the test, the load starts to rise at the level of 5%, and the load must be kept for 3 seconds every time. "The structure must be able to withstand the ultimate load for 3 seconds without damage." Zhou Liang Dao, deputy chief designer of the C919 passenger plane, said that the preparation behind the team took more than 300 days for this short three seconds.

　　With the continuous loading, the aircraft began to show obvious external reflection, and the wing began to tilt up a little. Finally, when the load reaches 100% of the test outline, the wing tip tilts up to nearly 2 meters, which is highly consistent with the strength analysis before the test, which shows that the test is successful and its strong "bones" and body are enough to support flying into the blue sky.

　　This is just a small step in the long March before the first flight of the plane. A passenger plane has to complete 13 static tests in 48 working conditions, including pressurization in the booster cabin, front lifting connection, main lifting connection, whole aircraft condition, vertical tail and rudder, as well as "three-bird test" such as iron bird, copper bird and electric bird and joint test of the whole aircraft system. Therefore, researchers have made independent innovations in system integration experiments.

　　In the comprehensive test hall of Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute, the iron bird test-bed with little difference from the C919 real machine looks like an eagle with wings spread and its tail stuck high. Don’t underestimate this test-bed. Its full name is "Integrated Test-bed for Flight Control Hydraulic System", which mainly tests the landing gear, wings and other mechanical systems of aircraft. In order to ensure the authenticity of the system test, the iron bird test-bed is designed according to the 1:1 ratio of the real aircraft, so that the mechanical installation interfaces of the flight control, hydraulic and landing gear systems are the same as those of the aircraft.

　　Next to the Iron Bird Test Bench, there is also a "Copper Bird" that tests power supply systems such as power generation and distribution, and also restores the real state of the machine to 1:1 for equipment installation. "Iron Bird", "Copper Bird" and the avionics system test called "Electric Bird" will eventually be all connected, thus forming a "three-bird joint test" to simulate the state of the aircraft.

　　In the experiment, researchers conducted a comprehensive test on the aircraft system. Take the avionics system as an example. At most, there are more than 100,000 parameters in a test. These parameters should be tested one by one to find out the possible omissions in the design. "Our goal is not to take the fault to the sky." Yu Shenghui, senior engineer of the General Aerodynamics Department of Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute, said.

　　According to the plan, six testing machines are carrying out joint testing of the whole machine system, and customer service engineering and airworthiness work are also being carried out simultaneously.

　　②C919 is genuine China goods.

　　As the first large passenger plane with completely independent intellectual property rights in China, C919 has been frequently questioned since it was established in 2006: an aircraft whose engine, avionics core processing system and some materials all depend on foreign products or technologies, why should it be said to be "made in China"?

　　In fact, to evaluate the innovation of C919, we may need to draw lessons from a fairy tale named Pony Crossing the River. This story is about a pony crossing a river. A cow next to it said, "The water is very shallow, just without a calf, so you can cross it." But the squirrel in the tree said, "The water is deep and will drown." So, is the river deep or shallow? Finally, the pony got off the river by himself and carefully waded to the other side. It found that the river was neither as shallow as the cow said, nor as deep as the squirrel said. The same is true for the development and innovation of C919. Everyone should not only see the major innovations achieved in the process of aircraft development, but also objectively admit the existing shortcomings.

　　According to international standards, judging whether an airplane is made in China or assembled depends on whether it meets three conditions. 1. Who owns the property right of the whole machine? Second, who is the core team to develop the whole machine? Third, who holds the key link in the development of the whole machine? For C919, the answer to these three questions is China.

　　The person in charge of Comac in China said that the property right of the C919 is owned by Comac in China. The team of Comac in China is the core of the development, and the key links such as aircraft design, final assembly, test flight and sales are in the hands of Comac in China.

　　As for foreign companies providing parts or technology, this is a common thing in the global aviation manufacturing industry. Aviation manufacturing giants such as Boeing and Airbus also use foreign products on many key components when developing aircraft.

　　However, for equipment like engines, the C919 chose the LEAP-X1C engine jointly developed by the United States and France, which is the only foreign starting power device selected by the C919. It should be said that the engine is indeed a major constraint in the development of China’s large aircraft, and it can only be sought from people at present. However, I believe that in 10 to 15 years, China will be able to develop its own advanced aero-engine for large aircraft.

　　③ Have a number of scientific and technological innovations.

　　Experts said that the C919 was completely designed and integrated independently, with outstanding technical indicators. It is the persistent innovation of researchers who have sharpened their swords for ten years that has led to the high-tech C919, which integrates many key technologies.

　　However, what did C919 look like when it was approved as one of the 16 major projects in the national medium-and long-term science and technology planning in January 2006? What difficulties may be encountered in the development? Due to the limitation of western aviation powers in technology introduction, China researchers have no idea and can only cross the river by feeling the stones.

　　In November 2008, the C919 project was launched. A large passenger aircraft joint engineering team composed of 468 experts from 47 domestic and foreign units, plus a large passenger aircraft expert consulting group composed of 20 academicians and experts, started from sketches and gradually sorted out the first batch of 14 special technical research projects that need to be started.

　　Among these key technologies, there are several that must be mentioned. For example, the "supercritical airfoil" that makes airplanes more fuel efficient. A large passenger airliner is an out-and-out "oil tiger". In order to reduce fuel consumption, the wing design of C919 uses a supercritical airfoil, which improves the cruise aerodynamic efficiency by more than 20% and reduces drag by about 8%.

　　Another unique innovation is the adoption of the third generation Al-Li alloy materials. It is the first time in China that the world’s advanced third-generation Al-Li alloy materials are widely used in the main structure of C919. Compared with ordinary aluminum alloy, this lightweight metal material with high damage resistance has greater strength and lighter weight under the same strength, which is very important to realize the weight reduction of aircraft structure and greatly improve the service life of aircraft.

　　In addition, as the "brain" of the C919, the avionics system of the aircraft has realized "giving all the work to the network". Compared with the old version of the network, which was widely used before but had limited bandwidth, the new aviation bus communication protocol adopted by C919 not only has high bandwidth but also shares resources, which means that the signals that originally needed to be transmitted through several cables can now be transmitted by one cable. Experts said that this is like we need to run 10 trains from A to B, but we don’t need to build 10 railways. We only need a set of double-track railways and a reliable signal system.

　　According to Wu Guanghui, the chief designer of C919, the developers have planned 102 key technical problems, and many advanced materials have been applied on a large scale in domestic civil aircraft for the first time. The development process of millions of parts and airborne systems is highly parallel. In order to overcome these technical difficulties, 22 provinces and cities, more than 200 enterprises, 36 universities and hundreds of thousands of industrial personnel participated in the development of C919 large passenger aircraft, and 16 material manufacturers and 54 standard parts manufacturers including Baosteel became suppliers or potential suppliers of large passenger aircraft projects.

　　Our reporter Peng Xunwen

　　Author: Zhang Wenjuan (Senior Director of China Ecological Civilization Research and Promotion Association)

　　The severity and complexity of the COVID-19 epidemic far exceeded people’s expectations. Today, the host or intermediate host in novel coronavirus is considered to be related to wild animals such as bats or pangolins. Throughout the world’s major epidemics in human history, almost every time is related to wild animals, which further forces us to reflect: how do humans and wild animals coexist and coexist?

　　On November 16, 2019, at the Daqinghe Bird Rescue Station of Laoting County Wildlife Conservation Association in Hebei Province, the staff released an ordinary horseshoe crab. Xinhua news agency

　　Wild hosts of deadly viruses or bacteria.

　　The struggle between human beings and viruses or pathogenic bacteria has never stopped.

　　Plague is caused by a microorganism named Yersinia pestis. Besides mice, there are other common rodents and wild carnivores as the host animals. Besides these animals, there are fleas parasitic on them. The first recorded plague pandemic in human history occurred in the 6th century A.D., originated in the Middle East, and spread to North Africa and Europe through Egypt, killing nearly 100 million people. At that time, the total population of the world was only over 200 million. The second plague began in the mid-14th century, and in 300 years, the European continent lost 1/3 to 1/2 of its population. The third plague pandemic began in the second half of the 19th century, and it first broke out in Yunnan, China, and then broke out in South China, North China, Northeast China and other countries such as Europe, Asia and Africa.

　　Macaque Guangming Daily reporter living in Qianling Mountain Park, Guiyang City Xu Tanshe/Guangming Picture

　　In 1976, a terrible disease broke out in Sudan and Zaire in West Africa, and the patient died quickly after high fever and systemic bleeding. Scientists found a new virus in the body of the deceased and named it after Ebola, a beautiful river in West Africa. This is a typical zoonotic infectious disease, and mammals such as humans, apes, porcupines, antelopes, monkeys and fruit bats may be infected. Scientific research suggests that fruit bats may be the natural reservoir of Ebola virus.

　　Marburg virus is a close relative of Ebola virus. The virus first appeared in Germany in 1967, 31 people were infected and 7 people died. The source of infection was traced back to a group of African green monkeys from Uganda. The largest Marburg virus epidemic on record occurred in Angola, Africa in 2005, when the mortality rate was as high as 90%. At present, there are 12 outbreaks of Marburg virus, the most recent of which was in Uganda in 2017.

　　SARS, a disaster that is still fresh in our memory, has a mortality rate of 11%. SARS coronavirus is the same as novel coronavirus coronavirus. At first, some people thought civet cats were the host of the virus, but after more than ten years of follow-up research, scientists detected the gene residue of SARS virus in the body of Jutoubat, and thought that Jutoubat might be the real culprit of SARS virus.

　　For thousands of years, as the oldest enemy of human beings, viruses have been coexisting with human beings. Viruses are always threatening human beings, and human beings are constantly developing medicine to conquer viruses. Nowadays, plague has become less attractive, mainly due to the advent of plague vaccine in 1908 and the development of modern biomedicine. However, new viruses are still emerging one after another, and some old viruses are also making a comeback in a mutated way. We have to be on our guard at all times.

　　Pandora’s Box was opened.

　　The deadly virus or bacteria infected by human beings are actually permanent residents of other species. For example, bats carry a variety of viruses, including hundreds of coronaviruses; Wild snakes carry a variety of parasites in the body. If humans are infected, they can cause peritonitis, septicemia, pericarditis, iriditis and other diseases. In severe cases, they will damage many organs and even endanger their lives. Raccoon is the natural host of rabies virus, and many parasites carried in it can cause damage to human intestines and stomach. The wild groundhog, which became popular on the Internet because of the "expression pack", also carries Yersinia pestis and other germs that can cause intestinal, liver and brain damage.

　　Generally speaking, without human intervention, these viruses or bacteria only exist in wild animals. One of the unique qualities of bats is that they are more tolerant of viruses than other mammals. As the only mammal that can fly, bats have a special immune system. In this regard, there is a popular expression on the Internet: "Bats have a high fever of 40 degrees for a long time, and they have sealed the virus for thousands of years by themselves, staying up all night and trying to play a lonely Pandora’s box, so that the virus can coexist peacefully with itself."

　　However, as human beings at the top of the biological chain, they sometimes do the opposite, attacking and hunting wild animals for their own selfish desires, and causing many innocent creatures to suffer.

　　In some people’s eyes, bats, mice, snakes, pangolins, monkeys and other wild animals are all edible and delicious. Wild animals such as Chinese sturgeon, civet cats and pangolins are on the verge of extinction in many areas due to human overfishing and eating. The populations of giant salamander (giant salamander), wild sea cucumber, wild frogs, wild birds, muntjac, musk deer, gecko and other species have declined sharply.

　　Human’s aggression against animals is not only manifested as appetite. In the documentary "The Secret of the Billionaire’s Wardrobe", there is a pair of shoes, only ten pairs are sold worldwide, and the valuation is 20,000 US dollars. The special feature of this pair of shoes is that they are made from the skins of nine kinds of animals, except ostrich skin, crocodile skin, snake skin, and even lizard skin and elephant skin. Luxury brand Hermes has a white platinum bag of Himalayan crocodile, and its flawless leather is actually peeled off from the crocodile.

　　In addition, in the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization, forests are cut down, wetlands are squeezed out, and the habitats of wild animals are artificially occupied and separated … … Human activities increase the probability and speed of viruses or pathogenic bacteria in wild animals spreading to human bodies, especially in cities with high population density, which are more prone to epidemic diseases.

　　It can be seen that we humans have crossed the border of peaceful coexistence with wild animals, destroyed the original balance of nature, and opened the Pandora’s Box for the spread of epidemics, so that viruses or pathogenic bacteria that originally lived in a closed loop can invade the human body, and constantly mutate and recombine, weaving new strains of viruses or bacteria with stronger toxicity and tolerance, which will inevitably give human beings a painful lesson.

　　不打扰，就是最好的相处方式

　　人类和自然界的关系比我们想象的要复杂得多。任何野生动物，无论是濒危的还是常见的，在生态系统中都有独特的功能和定位，其他物种无法取代。因此，要从源头上预防新发传染病，我们能做的，就是不打扰——这也是人类与野生动物相处的最好方式。

　　不打扰的前提，是我们必须学会敬畏自然。中华文明历来强调“天人合一”的自然观，道家崇尚“道法自然”“清静无为”，孔子提倡“钓而不网，弋不射宿”。如今，我国的经济社会发展进入到一个全新的历史阶段，随着习近平生态文明思想的形成、发展与成功实践，我们必须承认自然的主体价值，敬畏自然，敬畏生命。

　　不打扰的内涵，是我们必须学会和谐共生。杜绝不合理的野生动物消费只是最基本的要求，同时还要减少、杜绝对野生动物栖息地的侵扰。在很多人看来，山里没有了野生动物，山还是原来的山。而从生态学的角度看，没有了野生动物，山已经不是原来的山了。一些野生动物的相继灭绝，意味着地球生态系统被破坏，随后，各种自然灾害就会接踵而来。

　　The principle of not disturbing is to keep a scientific and reasonable distance. Just when novel coronavirus was raging, wildlife management stations in some places drove away wintering bats on a large scale; In some places, the dogs in the whole village have been killed, and the number of stray cats and dogs in the city has increased in an instant … … It is our human fault to simply and rudely transfer the blame to other animals. From a painful experience, we should think deeply: what kind of distance should we keep between human beings and wild animals? Wild animals grow freely in their own territory. If it is not human intrusion, how can viruses or pathogenic bacteria invade and endanger human health and even life?

　　The root of not disturbing is to establish a correct value concept. With the continuous expansion of human greed and the increasing ability to capture nature, when what is claimed exceeds the output of nature, the ecological balance will be broken and human beings will face the crisis of losing their survival safety. The rapid development of industrial civilization for hundreds of years has degraded the earth’s biosphere to the brink of collapse. We must establish correct values, take the idea of ecological civilization as the guide, accelerate the formation of green production methods and lifestyles, consciously protect wild animals, maintain ecological balance, and realize friendly symbiosis and harmonious coexistence between human beings and wild animals.

Conference site

CCTV News:The Ministry of Education held a press conference today (20th) to disclose the details of the reform of the enrollment system for the senior high school entrance examination. According to the "Guiding Opinions on Further Promoting the Reform of the Examination Enrollment System in Senior High Schools" issued by the Ministry of Education recently, it is necessary to further promote the reform of the examination enrollment system in senior high schools (referred to as the reform of the senior high school entrance examination).

What is the reform of the senior high school entrance examination?

The goal of this reform is to gradually establish a high school enrollment model of "junior high school academic level test scores+comprehensive quality evaluation". It is important to change the current practice of simply adding up the scores of some subjects as the only basis for admission in senior high school enrollment, and overcome the score theory.

First, promote the junior high school level examination. In the future, junior high school graduation and senior high school entrance examination will be combined into junior high school academic level examination, so as to realize "multi-purpose in one examination" and reduce the burden of students preparing for exams many times.

●Change the composition of examination subjects

Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages are the basic subjects, and they are unified as admission scoring subjects. Incorporate physical education into the admission scoring subjects, scientifically determine the test scores or other requirements, and guide students to strengthen physical exercise. At the same time, according to the principle of giving consideration to both arts and sciences and moderate burden, the pilot areas will determine other subjects to be included in the "admission scoring subjects" to prevent group partiality. The subjects set in the national curriculum plan are all included in the scope of the academic level examination, but it is not required to include all subjects in the enrollment scoring subjects, so as not to increase the burden on students.

This reform also puts forward that students can be given the right to choose and develop their advantages and specialties on the premise that each course is qualified. Therefore, students will be able to choose other "admission scoring subjects" except Chinese, mathematics, foreign languages and physical education in the academic level examination. However, we can’t just choose liberal arts subjects, and we can’t just choose science subjects. We should give consideration to both arts and sciences. Subjects that have no choice should not only be "studied" and "tested", but also be "qualified".

●Change the content of the exam

Reduce the content of simple memory and mechanical training, focus on examining students’ ability to analyze and solve problems, and enhance students’ innovative spirit and ability.

●Change performance expression

It can be presented in various forms, such as scores and grades. It reiterates the requirement of encouraging qualified areas to implement "grades" to avoid students’ competing for points and excessive competition.

Second, improve students’ comprehensive quality evaluation. The reform clearly requires the pilot areas to take the comprehensive quality evaluation as the basis or reference for high school enrollment, so that the "comprehensive quality evaluation", which used to be in a subordinate and reference position, becomes the protagonist and really plays a role in high school enrollment. As for the evaluation content, it is required to refine and improve the evaluation content and requirements in five aspects: ideological and moral character, academic level, physical and mental health, artistic accomplishment and social practice. The evaluation focuses on reflecting students’ all-round development and personality traits, and paying attention to examining students’ daily behavior norms and outstanding performance. In the evaluation procedure, it is emphasized to make realistic records, publicize and review the factual materials used for enrollment, and establish comprehensive quality evaluation files. In the use of results, whoever uses and evaluates the results should be implemented, and senior high schools should formulate specific use methods according to the school-running characteristics, so that comprehensive quality evaluation can really play a role in enrollment and crack the score-only.

Weifang, Shandong (treating the comprehensive quality evaluation results as a combination with Chinese, mathematics and other subjects), Jiaxing, Zhejiang (converting the comprehensive quality evaluation results into corresponding scores and counting them in the total score, with a perfect score of 20 points), Changsha, Hunan (screening according to the order of academic performance, comprehensive quality evaluation results, policy bonus points and foreign language scores) and other places, although the specific methods are different, they have been included in the enrollment system.

Third, reform the enrollment methods.Significantly reduce and strictly control bonus items. Cancellation of sports, art and other competition bonus items, related specialties and performances are included in the students’ comprehensive quality evaluation files, which will be used as a reference when enrolling students. Further improve the independent enrollment policy, give qualified high school a certain number of independent enrollment places, recruit students with academic expertise and innovative potential, and encourage the development of students’ interests.

When will the reform of senior high school entrance examination begin?

Because the junior high school level examination is generally organized and implemented by the local cities, it is required that the local cities formulate a scientific and standardized comprehensive quality evaluation system, formulate a specific implementation plan for the senior high school entrance examination reform and report it to the provincial education administrative department for the record. The provincial education administrative department shall formulate unified requirements for junior high school academic level examination and comprehensive quality evaluation; Select qualified cities to further expand the comprehensive reform pilot, formulate the implementation opinions of the senior high school entrance examination reform, and report them to the Ministry of Education for the record before the end of August 2017.

The comprehensive reform pilot has been implemented since the first-year junior high school students who entered the school after 2017. The current junior high school students and non-pilot cities still implement the original examination enrollment method unchanged. By the year 2020, a model of high school entrance examination based on academic achievement and comprehensive quality evaluation will be initially formed. (CCTV reporter Zhou Peipei)